Vol. L— No. 45. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL, 



:J5.% 



NKJV I LOUR MILL. 

 Extract of a letter from Paris, to the Editor of the 

 New- York Gazette, dated September 8, 1831. 

 "I have been somewhat interested with- 

 in a few t'.ays by seeing a newly invente., 

 machine for grinding wheat, &c. or so sim- 

 ple ;i construction, that if the results are 

 such as theinventor assures me they are, 

 and I have no reason to <ionl>t his word, 

 because he has machines already in opera- 

 tion, and mis-statements could be easily 

 detected, it must, m a lew years, do away 

 with the old method ot' grindiug with stones. 

 A machine capable of being worked by] 

 one man, grinds forty pounds of trench 

 (about fort >, lour pounds oi nglish) in an 

 hour, capable of making more than a bar- 

 relof flour per day, allowing eight hours 

 labor. The flour is bolted at the same op- 

 eration and comes out superfine flour. It 



is made without heating the flour in the wilh my ha 

 considered to add to he 



of new wood. 1 think the laying or splash- 

 ing is far the preferable way, as it presents a 

 formidable horizontal barrier, which must 

 strengthen with the growth of the nedge. — 

 A. fourth parcel, planted three years, about 

 .Mi inch in diameter, and 7 to 9 feet high, 1 

 design to lay this fall. 



Igeneially manure the strip I intend for a 

 hedge, and cultivate it with potatoes the 

 summer preceding planting. 1 prefer two 

 men and a buy to assist in planting I draw 

 a line "here 1 intend to plant, and throw up 

 a trench of the requisite depth and breadth 

 for the roo's of the quicks, and if the soil 

 below is poor, go a little deeper, and throw 

 in some suiface soil at the bottom The 

 earth is all thrown to the front, and the back 

 edge of the trench is made perpendicular, 

 that the plants may he set upright and in a 

 line. A boy drops the plants on the line or 

 back side of the trench, and 1 proceed to 

 plant, placing the heel of the plant against 

 this side, and gnaging it to a proper depth 



id. when anian throws upon the 

 least, winch is considered to add to he roo ts ashovil full of earth, which keeps the 

 quality of the ilo.tr, and to render it more quick in its position. This is repeated until 

 fit for" keeping, and he assures me that it the planting is completed. A secondhand 

 produces more flour from grinding it finer, ' fills the trench ; when the earth is trodden 

 and tint the result of a trial made by the , and the quicks arc made to present a straight 

 first baker in Paris, that there was a gam 



of eight per cent, in the quantity of bread 

 over flour made in the ordinary way. — 

 There appears to be no doubt of its suc- 

 cess. The inventor is now constructing a 

 machine of two horse power winch, he 

 savs, will be c of doing as much 



work as two pairs of six feet burr stones, ! 

 worked by an eight horse power. This 

 will make a revolution among the millers, 

 but revolutions in these times are every 

 day's occurrences." 



These mill ictremely useful in some 



parts of Ohio, and in Indiana. In dry seasons, 

 the expense to thi farmers to get their wheat and 

 corn ground, i- more than the gram is worth. In 

 : i grist grinding is done in horse mills, 

 lays a traveller. 



From h .'■ irmnT 



LIVE FENCES OF THREE TIIORX- 

 ED Vf'AilA. 



Mr. Fessejsden — The rain having driv- 

 en me within doors. I sit down to comply 

 with your request, in regard to the culture of 

 live fences. 



Your Providence correspondent should iron 



take up his three (homed locusts in his seed 

 rows, and replant, for time reasons: — 

 1. That he may djg and pulverize his ground, 

 an important requisite: 1. That he may 

 size his plants \ and 3. That he may in^eii 

 them at regular distances. The two latter 



regular line. With two men and a boy I 

 ii ive planted 10UO and I0OO quicks in a day 

 in my | 



The plan which I have resolved to pursue 

 for after management, is to omit laying or 

 splashing till the third year after planting, 

 when the quicks will be about an inch in di- 

 ameter, and then to lay them at a slight an- 

 gle of 10 to 15 degrees, and at the height of 

 two feet: to cut in the side wood evei v sum- 

 mer with the bill hook; keep the lower part 

 of the quicks free from brush wood, and the 

 ground about them free from weeds and 

 grass; and at two years from the first splash- 

 ing four years from planting, to repeat the 

 operation at the height of four or four and a 

 half feet, when 1 think the fence will be 

 complete, and require only an annual clip- 

 ping with the hill hook, and become a com- 

 plete barrier to every description of domes- 

 tic animals. 



I feel a strong confidence, that a substan- 

 tial fence may be grown from the honey or 

 three thorned locust in six, or at most seven 

 years, from the seed, and at a less expense 1 

 than it will cost to build and maintain any i 

 good fence for two years. Upon this last! 

 [Oiiit, however, 1 am not prepared to give 

 precise data. Yet I will hazard a calcula- 

 Twenty plants are amply sufficient 



for a rod, and of course 1000 quicks hi, 

 plant 00 rods. The 1000 quick*, at one or 

 two years old. will cost $h. Thiee men 

 will easily plant them in a day. Allow a 

 day and a half every year for cleaning and 

 clipping the 00 rods. This will require 9 



are essential tothe beauty and regular growth days' labor in the six years. E imate the 



of the hedge, and to its after management. 

 My practice is to plain at ten or twelve 

 inches, generally in a single row, but some- 

 times in double parallel rows, one foot apart, 

 where I require a very strong hedge. At 

 two years from planting, autumn of 1830, I 

 cut a part off at the uniform height of two 

 feet. Another part I splashed, or bent and 

 partially cut at that height, and wattled the 

 tops horizontally to the right and left, alter- 

 nately, of the contiguous plants, but all one 

 ivay. Last spring I laid in a third parcel 

 when in full foliage. Ah theso have done 



•veil, and have made from three to five feet)) price of a post and hoard fence here is $ 



aboi at 81 per diem, and it gives for this 

 item an aggregate of #12; add §0 for the 

 quicks, and it makes a total of #17, or 34 

 cents per rod, as the expense of planting and 

 growing a live aid permanent fence, proof 

 against the depredations of boys and hulls. 

 Treble this sum, and call the cost gl per rod, 

 what a pittance is the expe se compared 

 with the advantages afforded by a fence of 

 this description, which shall protect young 

 crops from depredation, and in a measure 

 from the bleak winds of winter, and which 

 ispermrnent in its duration. The lowesi 



per rod. It will last 12 years, and requires 

 per cent per annum to mend and keep it in 

 repair. 1 have used no extra fence in pro 

 Ceding the hedge. I plant near an existing 

 partition fence, and exclude cattle while the 

 growth is tender. Cattle will seldom eat 

 browse while they have good pasture. 



J. BlJEL. 



Albany Nursery, Oct. £0, 1831. 



ECONOMY IN FATTENING HOGS. 



I have thrown by my steamer for hog food 

 and substituted a boiler, and 1 think with 

 manifest advantage. The former consisted 

 of a 00 gallon cask, over a poiash kettle, 

 badly set. 1 could only work off four or five 

 casks a day, with great labor and trouble 

 and the apparatus lequired to be luted with 

 clay at every operation. With my new ket- 

 tle, holding 30 galls, which is a thin beauti- 

 ful casting, 1 have cooked eight and nine 

 barrels in Half a day, and much better than 

 by the steam process. This food consists of 

 small refuse potatoes, of which I have near- 

 ly 100 bushels, oi i.0 per cent of my whole 

 crop, pumpkins and a small quantity of In- 

 dian meat. A half day's boiling serves my 

 hog family fpui for five days; and it is al- 

 ways kept prepared in advance The actual 

 expense of fattening hogs thus upon the re- 

 fuse of the farm crop, is 50 to 75 per cent 

 less than feeding with drv com. 



The economy of my apparatus consists 

 much in setting the boiler so as to have all 

 the advantage of the fire. The interior 

 brick work is made to conform to the shape 

 of the boiler, leaving an interval of four tc 

 six inches between them for the fire, round 

 the whole ex erior of the ketile, with the 

 exception of a few inches at top, where the 

 flange or rim rests upon the projecting brick. 

 Thus the boilei is not only encompassed by 

 the flame but the heat is augmented by ra- 

 diation from the brickwork. The fuel is 

 burnt on a grate, which extends neaily tc 

 the kettle, four or five inches above the level 

 of i s bottom. My boiler being in opera- 

 tion while I am penning these remarks, I 

 have ascertained, that a kettle of potatoes, 

 with three pails of cold water, covered with 

 boards, has been completely boiled in E8 

 minutes from the time tiny were put in, an- 

 other boiling having been just previously ta- 

 ken out. My kettle was s e t by a son in his 

 teens, without assistance, aim was his first 

 effort in masonry. J. Bukl. 



Albany Nursery, Oct- iO, 1(131. 



CHINESE ML'LBERKY. (Morus multi 

 cautis.) 



We had two plants of the Chinese mul 

 berry in our nursery last season, one bud- 

 ded, the other on its natural root. They 

 both grew vigorously, anil both were killed 

 by the severity of the winter, root and branch. 

 I mention this fact as suggesting a doubt 

 whether this desirable plant will endure our 

 wintais, I would like to learn how it has 

 faired in your neighborhood, during the last 

 winter. J. B, 



Albany, 1831. 



A P.-.ir, not to be PAinED. — Dr. Baugh, erf 

 Montgomery co. Pa., left with the editor of the 

 Philad. Daily Advertiser, a pear, weighing '2 lbs 

 6 oz. ; largest circumference 18 inches; smallest 

 15 J inches. This cannot be paired, ought not to 

 be pared, but preserved, as the boast of Pennsy'* 

 vfinias 



