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THE DURATION OF VEGETABLE SPE 

 CIES, 



Much has been written on this subject, and va 

 • vious are the speculations of the best Philologists 

 who have turned their attention to it, and so far 

 In in being- settled, it remains as much a moo! 

 point, as the cause of the production of chess a- 

 mong wheat, or the blight in the pear tree. We 

 have not the effrontery to suppose we shall settle 

 it, but like one of old, — will also speak our 

 mind. 



We shall take the ground, that the duration of 

 species by engrafting, or by slips or cuttings, is 

 indefinite, and may be continued from a solitary 

 species, without the intervention" of seed, as long 

 *s the sun shines and showers descend. 



Forest trees, fruit trees, and shrubs, have then- 

 periods of growth, their maximum of perfection, 

 and their decay and death from natural causes, 

 and not from any fixed period of duration, which 

 is innate in their physical construction oreonstitu 

 tion. One great cause of their decay, is the in- 

 crease of heart wood, which is a dead, inert and 

 redundant mass, receiving but little of the circu- 

 lating sap, which as it exercises no functions of 

 vegetable life, in time sours, rots and contaminates 

 the fountains of life, the roots; the winds of 

 heaven shake them to the centre, and they are 

 gone. Various other natural causes are constant- 

 ly in operation, which it is needless at this point 

 to enumerate. 



The vine it is said never dies, if located in pro- 

 per situations, and where no adventitious circum- 

 stances operate to its injury. It is differently con- 

 stituted from most other shrubs or trees. It has 

 no heart wood, but is all alburnum, or sap wood 

 and if cut down to the earth, if the roots are not 

 destroyed, will continue to spring up for centuries 

 as is the case with those planted by the Romans, 

 and the early monasteries in England. There 

 are vines in some of the departments in France. 

 that are positively known to be two, three, and 

 four hundred years old ; cuttings from them grow 

 as well, and produce as luxuriant and fruitful 

 vines, as from the most recent varieties. 



There are several varieties of tne grape which 

 do not produce seed, (some of which are growing 

 in this vicinity) one of them was known and cul- 

 tivated in the days of Homer. Now we ask, has 

 this variety been continued'! or has it not yet 

 come of age? 



The Syinian vine, which produces the largest 

 clusters of any known, and which the scriptures 

 speak of as being brought on a staff by two men, 

 who were sent as spies into the land of Canaan, 

 is now growing in this village, having been con- 

 tinued in all the most celebrated nurseries, where 

 it is propagated by slips, cuttings, and layers, and 

 has been continued no doubt, from the original 

 stock from the valley of the Eschol. 



The common red currant, from the ease with 

 which itstrikesroot,is propagated almost|invariably 

 from cuttings or suckers, from old roots ; and al- 



though it is perfectly practicable, we have never 

 heard of an instance, where a garden was stock- 

 ed with plants grown from seed ; and it would not 

 he stretching probabilities to suppose, that nin° 

 tenth* of the gardens in this country are planted 

 with currants which are continuations from the 

 oriental stocks, planted by our puritanical forefa- 

 thers at Plymouth rock. 



The common garden goose-berry, the various 

 kinds of raspberries, and roses, &c. See., are all 

 propagated in the same manner, and without the 

 intervention of seeds : and, although many curi- 

 rious cultivators are engaged in raising new vari- 

 eties from seed, yet, the uniform similarity of 

 character in the predominating bulk of vegetable 

 productions, referred to, warrant the above con- 



usion. 



The J erusalem artichoke of the gardens is an- 

 other striking illustration of the correctness of our 

 opinion, as to the duration of species of vegeta 

 bles. It is a plant that never perfects its seed in 

 this country, nor in England, for want of snfn- 

 •■ient length of season, and is only continued from 

 its tnl ers ; and we venture to say, that no one in 

 either country was ever heard to complain of its 

 runn rig out. 



Whatever many farmers may say to the con- 

 trary, we have no idea that the potato. Indian 

 corn, wheat, or any other of the plants cultivated 

 by them, would run out, if they did not let t/icirW 

 land, run out first. 



We have several varieties of the peach, and 

 some of the pears, which are spoken of and ex- 



dura! nlity and neatness, won Ihuilt houses ure fre 

 qnently p1 vated so as to bring the first floor one. 

 two, or three feet above the surface of the ground 

 As cellar walls are more commonly built witli 

 stone, which are more ready conductors of heat 

 than bricks, such cellars are much exnosedto the 

 effects of frost, unless they are banked up with 

 something which is a slower conductor of heat 

 than stonp. For this purpose, tan-bark and saw- 

 dust are the most cleanly and convenient substan 

 Ices; next to these, are joiner's chips and straw, 

 jboth of which wh n used, should have a covering 

 of earth to make them more compact, and prevent 

 (their being blown away. Manure from the stable 

 is frequently used, but this is unsightly, and can 

 always be turned to b'tter account. Vegetable 

 mould is an imperfect conductor of heat, and may 

 in many instances be conveniently applied to this 

 use. For filling up windows, bundless of straw 

 will be found useful, as they prevent the glass be- 

 ing soiled, as would be the case if soil was direct- 

 ly applied ; in shr*t, there is no lack of substan- 

 ces suitable for securing cellars against frost, in 

 this latitude, if house-keepers are in season, in ap- 

 plying them. Wh -n we hear a farmer complain 

 that his vegetables have frozen in his cellar, we 

 are apt to thing that he spends too much of his 

 time at the grog shops, and neglects those little 

 things which add to one's comfort and prosperi- 



MANUFACTORIES. 

 The correspondent of the American Advocate, 

 writes, from Douglass, Ms. and states, that the 

 actly described by the writers of that country, in;j Doug | ass Manufacturing Company have 2 mills, 



4000 spindles, 118 looms, 200 hands — use 275,000 

 lbs. of cotton, and make 1,000,000 yds. printing 

 goods, for calicoes. 



1554; and are no doubt the veritable chips of the 

 old block, and our suppositions are, that they may 

 be continued as long as a scion shall be engrafted 

 in a thriving stock, to the end of lime and trees, 

 o,nd aR things material. We are not advised of 

 any mstance of the sudden failure of a young tree, 

 engrafted from an old and decayed one, except in 

 case of some peculiar and local disease. As the 

 continuation of a species of vegetable is a simple 

 operation of nature, unconnected with sensibility 

 or volition on the part of the plant, we see no 

 reason why, under ordinary circumstances, a spe 

 cies may not be continued as long as those natu- 

 ral causes exist ; and we confess that we have not 

 been able to discover any thing which indicated 

 limitation to the duration ot species of plants, 

 more than to the heaving of the ocean, or the rev- 

 olution of the planetary system. 



CELLARS. 



We hear many complauits during the most se- 

 vere parts of winter, of the loss of vegetables by 

 frost in cellars, most of which might have been 

 prevented with very little labor, had it been pro- 

 perly applied at a proper season. " One ounce of 

 preventive is worth a pound of cure," is an old 

 maxim : also, " a stich in tin; saves nine ;" and, 

 although this last has a little smack of Esq. Dog- 

 erel's poetry in it, nevertheless, if properly attend- 

 to, will be found very useful. There is a 

 strange propensity in man, to put " far off the e- 

 vil day ;" and, although we know for a certainty 

 that cold winter is coming, many are apt to neg- 

 lect suitable preparations for it. For the sake of 



Slaterville, 



Embraces a part of Dudley and South Oxford, 

 where resides Samuel Slater, who is the patriarch 

 of factories, and the inventor of cotton sewing 

 thread. Himself and Sons wield more capital in 

 manufacturing, than any single individual in the 

 U. States. They have 7 mills. 5 on French river, 

 and two on the outlet of Chagoggagunkamog 

 pond. They run 7,000 spindles, 90 looms, 90 

 hands, and work 1000 bales of cotton a week, 

 which produces 16,000 yds. a week, besides large 

 quantities of sattinet warps, and sewing thread. 

 They use 600 lbs. of wool per day, in the manu- 

 facture of broad-cloths, cassimeres and sattinets. 



Samuel Slater has been in America more thar. 

 36 years, and has suggested many improvements 

 in the manufacture of cotton. Had he remained 

 in England; and prospered, as he has here, lit 

 might have looked for an order of Khighihood. It 

 is questionable, however, with that distinction, in 

 England, he would be more respected than he 

 now is, at the head of the Factories in New Eng- 

 land, and .one of the principal proprietors of the 

 village which bears his name, &c. 



The Grand Jury of New-York, at their late ses 

 sion, were engaged two days in investigating the 

 subject of the New- York Lotteries, and came to 

 the conclusion, that the managers had ahead) 

 drawn more lotteries than the law allowed then 

 and that the present drawings are illegal. 



