WffiKSWSM! 



16 



&i)C .farmer's iHonthJn iUsiior. 



The WnoDPECKF.r,.— In more tli.-m fifty or- 

 clunds, wliicli I have myself carefully examined, 

 these trees which were marked by the wood- 

 |>ecker (for some trees they never much, perha|is 

 because not penetrated by insects) were uniform- 

 ly the most thriving, and pee'minglythe most pro- 

 ductive ; many of tbgie "ere upwards of sixty 

 years old, their trunks completely covered with 

 holes, while the branches were broad, luxuriant, 

 and loaded with fruit. Of decayed trees, more 

 than three-fourths were untouched by the wood- 

 pecker. Several intelligent farmers with whom 

 1 have conversed, candidly acknowledged the 

 truth of these observations, and with justice look 

 upon these birds as beneficial ; but the most com- 

 mon opinion is, that they bore the trees to suck 

 the sap, and so destroy the vegetation ; though 

 pine and other resinous trees, on the juices of 

 which it is not pretended they feed, are often 

 found equally perforated. Were the sap of the 

 trees their object, t he saccharine juice of the birch, 

 the sugar maple, and several others, would be 

 much more inviting, because much more sweet 

 and flourishing than that of cither the pear or 

 apple tree; but I have not observed one mark on 

 the former, for ten thousand that may be seen on 

 the latter. Besides, the early part of spring is 

 tlie season when the sap flows most abundantly ; 

 whereas, it is only during the months of Septem- 

 ber, October and November that woodpeckers 

 are seen so indefaligahly cntraged in orchards, 

 probing every crack and crevice, borin:; through 

 the bark, and, what is worth remarking, chiefly 

 on the south and southwestern sides of the tree, 

 for the eggs and larva 3 deposited there by the 

 countless swarms of summer insects. These, if 

 suffered to remain, would prey upon the very 

 vitals, if ! iii-iV so express it, of the trees, and in 

 the succeeding summer give birth to myriads 

 more of their i.e. , etjually destructive. 



Here, then, is a whole species, I may say, 

 genua of birds, which Providence seems to have 

 formed for the protection of our fruit and forest 

 trees from the ravages of vermin, which every 

 day destroy millions of those noxious insects that 

 Would otherwise blast the hopes of the husband- 

 man, am! which even promote the fertility of the 

 trees; and, in return, are proscribed by those who 

 oUilht to have been their protectors, and incite- 

 ments and rewards held out for their destruction ! 

 Let us examine better into the operation of na- 

 ture: very many of our mistaken opinions and 

 groundless prejudices will be abandoned for the 

 more just, enlarged, and humane modes of think- 

 ing. — Wilson's Ornithology. 



Shifti.ng the bearing year of Trees. — It i; 

 well known to orchard ists that there are two 

 classes of trees in regard to bearing. One class 

 will bear profusely one year, ami during the next 

 hear but little, seeming to require time to recruit 

 their exhausted energies. Another class will 

 bear a pretty fair crop every year. It is some- 

 tunes desirable to have, some of those that bear 

 in alternate yeats from some others of the same 

 class, !u older to have that variety of fruit every 

 year. It has been often proposed to bring this 

 "about bv stripping a tree of us fruit early in the 

 summer of one of its prolific years, so as to have 

 it in good condition at the commencement of 

 the next spring, and thereby lie enabled to put 

 forth limit mid bear as ii would the year previ- 

 ously, if it had not been robbed. We have 

 never known this to be actually tried until ie- 

 ceiitly. We see by the last number of Hovey's 

 Magazine uf Horticulture, that Mr. Manning, of 

 Salem, has actually tried the experiment with 

 complete success. In describing it, Mr. Hovey, 

 who pain a v i - 1 1 to Mr. .M. and his garden, says: 

 "Pawing a Baldwin apple tree, in full bearing. 

 Mr, Al. slated thai it was one on which lie tried 

 the experiment of changing tie- bearing year. Ii 

 is well known that the Baldwin oWy bears every 

 other year. To obviate ibis, was the object of 

 .Mr. .Manning: and in the spring of It4l3, be 

 spent nearly two days ill cutting off all the 

 blossoms. It bad the desired effect; this year, 

 the tree i< completely loaded with fruit. This 

 experiment is valuable, lor it shows that ill a 

 I artfe uichard, when the tiers, nearly all hear 

 (Vuil the same year, h\ change, an) number ol 

 them can be made to bear fruit in the alternate 

 year, simply by the labor of destroying all the 

 blossoms." 



Recipes. 



To re-navc grease-spots from woolen clothes. — 

 Make a thin paste of flour and water, and lay it 

 on the tarnished places. It should remain suffi- 

 ciently long to become perfectly dry, when, upon 

 brushing it off with a stiff brush', the spot will 

 have disappeared. If any remains of it are ob- 

 servable, the operation should be repeated. This 

 is a very cheap and efficacious method of re- 

 moving blemishes from clothes that have become 

 soiled. The oily substance winch accumulates, 

 so abundantly on the collars of coats atid other 

 garments, in consequence of the oleaginous 

 quality of the hair, may be removed by this 

 means, and the cloth re-indowed with all its 

 primitive brilliancy and gloss. We have tried 

 many experiments for removing grease-spots 

 from woolens, but none so expeditious and suc- 

 cessful as the above. 



Food for Hogs. — No economical farmer will 

 ever so far disregard his own interests as to \'c,m\ 

 ungroimd grain to his bogs, while under the pro- 

 cess of fattening. The cost of grinding is a 

 mere trifle, compared with its advantages: By 

 grinding corn, oats, barley and peas, (in equal 

 quantities,) and permitting the mixture to ferment, 

 (after being properly moistened,) a most excel- 

 lent diet is obtained. We advise every one 

 who keeps swine to try this. 



JYesl Eggs. — To those who keep hens, and de- 

 sire eggs in winter, a good nest is important. 

 The qualities of a good nest are, a tolerable re- 

 semblance of a real pgg — for a close resemblance 

 is not important; hens having adopted an old 

 law maxim, da minimis lex not carat — or, about 

 minute mailers the law don't care — and weight 

 equal to or greater than that of a real egg. A 

 hen will not lay to an egg shell, however perfect 

 it may be, for she knows by its want of weight 

 that it is conterfeit. 



A good nest egg is made of solid hickory 

 wood, tin ned to the right shape. But every one 

 has not a lathe, and such eggs are not always to 

 be had. Another nest egg which may he made 

 by any body, any where, was lately described to 

 us by Mr. D. L ithrop, of Lasalle, a gentleman 

 who keeps one hundred hens, and is very apt to 

 find out the best mode of doing any particular 

 thing. 



The eggs are made of clay, formed to the right 

 shape, in the hands. After being dried, they are 

 whitewashed ; when they are ready lor use. 

 The matter is so simple, that it only requires to 

 be thought of, to be available. These eirgs ans- 

 wer the. purpose perfectly — the hens accepting 

 them as fully as those of their own make. — Prai- 

 rie Farmer. 



Compost. — The American Fanner recom- 

 mends a compost prepared in the following man- 

 ner: Take 40 bushels of mould from the woods, 

 5 bushels of ashes, leached or unleached, 5 bush- 

 els of bone dust, 1 bushel of plaster; the whole 

 to be incorporatetl together by shoveling over, 

 and the heap to be thoroughly moistened by 30 

 gallons of human urine, and again shoveled 

 over. The compost is recommended for one 



acre of wheat. 



a , 



Composition for Shoes. — Two parts of tar, 

 two of beef's tallow, and one of bees-wax, make 

 a good composition for boots and shoes. Apply 

 it quite warm, and warm the leather that it may 

 penetrate. As farmers, are frequently exposed 

 to wet, they should be careful to keep their feet 

 dry and warm, for on this their health and com- 

 fort in a great measure depend. There are vari- 

 ous compositions that are good to resist water 

 and preserve leather, and the proportion of the 

 above may he varied. Tar and tallow will ans- 

 wer alone; so will tallow and bees-wax. — Mulli- 

 gan Farmer. 



To extinguish Chhnneys on fire. — First shut 

 the doois and windows of the room containing 

 the fire ; stop up the flue of the chimney with a 

 piece of wet carpet or blanket; and then throw 

 a little water or common salt on the fire. By 

 this means the draught of the chimney will be 

 checked, and the burning soot will soon be ex- 

 tinguished for want of air. Let this be remem- 

 bered by the reader. 



Curing Beef. — By most of the modes now in 

 use, the beef becomes too much impregnated 

 with salt, and is not as a consequence so fine for 

 eating. By the following process this dilficulty 

 is prevented, and the beef will keep till the fol- 

 lowing summer : To 8 gallons of water, add 2 

 lbs. of brown sugar, 1 quart of molasses, 4 oz. of 

 nitre, and tine salt till it will float an egg. This 

 is enough for two common quarters of beef. It 

 has been repeatedly tried and found very fine : 

 a famous beef-eater says it is the only good 

 way. — Albany Cull i valor. 



Sausage .Meal. — Take the piece of pork de- 

 signed for sausages, and chop it up, and, if it is 

 too fat, add a little lean beef; season with sage 

 or summer-savory, sail and pepper; then fry a 

 small piece to see if it is seasoned right. If you 

 prefer not to stuff them into skins, you may lake 

 pieces of cotton cloth, eight or nine inches wide, 

 and two or three feet long, and sew the sides to- 

 gether, and one end ; then wet it, stuff your meal 

 in as solid as von call, and hang them up in cool 

 dry place. It will keep as well, or better than 

 in skins; when used, peel the cloth down no 

 farther than you slice oft". 



New Dish. — It is not perhaps generally known 

 that common beets, roasted in embers or baked 

 in a stove, in the same manner you would cook 

 potatoes, are much sweeter and dryer than when 

 prepared for the table in the ordinary way by 

 boiling. Such, nevertheless, is the fact. When 

 they are perfectly done, peel and serve them in 

 the ordinary way. It is better when beets are 

 required for this purpose, to select such as are of 

 medium si/.e, smooth, and perfectly round, as 

 large roots do not cook so readily or so well, on 

 account of their size. — Maine Farmer. 



New more of MAKtrfe coffee. — Take one 

 pint of Orleans molasses, boil it in an iron pot 

 until it becomes quite thick and the sweet laste 

 burnt: then take it off the fire and pour in wa- 

 ter gradually, and stir it till it becomes a little 

 thinner than the molasses was at first; then to 

 one spoonlul of this burnt molasses add two 

 spoon.-ful of ground coffee, boil as usual and 

 clarify with the while of an egg. — Correspondent 

 C)'\io Cultivator. 



Corn Meal Cakes. — Excellent breakfast 

 cakes can be made in the following manner: — 

 Mix two quarts of corn meal, at night, wiih wa- 

 ter, and a little yeast and salt, and make it just 

 thin enough to stir easy. In ihe morning stir in 

 three ur four eggs, a little saleratus, and a cup of 

 sour niiilt, so as to leave it thin enough to pour 

 out of a pan ; bake three-quarters of an hour, 

 and you will have light, rich honey-comb cakes. 



A swarm of bees contains from ten thousand 

 to twenty thousand in a natural state, and from 

 twenty thousand to forty thousand in a hive. 



T 



PLANT YOUR TREES 



IN THE AUTUMX. 



HE subscriber would call the attention 



of the public to the extensive stock ol Fruit Trees 

 grown at his Nurseries in Brighton, and in addition to 

 many thousand of new and rare kinds selected in Eu- 

 rope, which have nude a year? growth and arc now con- 

 sidered I'ully established and Ht lor removal. 



Fine PEAR. TREES, on Quiufte Stocks; standard, lial- 

 standard and Espalier. 



The stock of CHERRIES and PLUMS is large and 

 in line order. 



PEAR, PLUM', APRICOT and NECTARINES, fine- 

 ly trained lor walls. 

 Beautiful 1HVARF APPLES for ornamenting gardens. 

 APPLE TUFFS, of choice kinds and very EXTRA 

 sizes. 



ORN AMENTAL TREES, ol'beautiful growth and form, 

 and of every description. 



New OR,S VMENTAL EVERGREENS. Irish Yew, 

 Jumper, Deodora : also, Holly, Gold and Silver Leaveii 

 and Evergreen ; new and supenor varieties of Grapes, 

 suitable lor the grapery, selected by the subscriber when 

 in Europe ; also,, Feel's new •• Beauty of the Prairies" 

 Rose, a most desirable climbing variety. 



Fine hardy Rhododendron and Azalias, for ornamenting 

 grounds. 



The present h the best opportunity for sending Trees 

 SoUthand West. The subscriber has facilities for for- 

 warding by Packet and Canal, Railroad and Lake Boats 

 to any pi r i. ol the South and West, which will be done to 

 order and promptly. Orders lor the IN. England States 

 will be executed with promptness and despatch. 



All orders must be ill. :n:i inicd with the cash or Bos- 

 ton reference, ns fhey cannot be executed without the 

 one or the other. J. L. L. F. WARREN. 



Nonnntnm Vale Gardens, Brighton. 

 Nov. 30j lb' 17. iNos. 1 & 2 Treinoat Temple. Boston. 



