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teitat 



CONDUCTED Bl§ ISAAC HILL. 



'T»i»E<HOU»aiS7HE EARTH ARE THE CHOJEN PEOei.i: 01 GOD, » B BBEASTSHI! M A S M All E HIS P^CUUAKBJIPO.ITB TOE 1 U BSt A MTI AL A*DGEN U I V E flMl I."— JeffiM**. 



VOL. 10. NO. 



BOSTON, MASS., MARCH 31, 1848. 



WHOLE NO. 111. 



— ■ Eat it. 



.■■..-< ..-a.JK. 



THE FARMER'S MONTHLY VISITOR, 

 PUBLISHKU BY 



JOHN MARSH, 



ISSUED ON THE LAST DAT OF EVERT MONTH, 



77 Washington Street, Boston, Mass. 



Jfc5~ General Ai;e:1ts. — John .Marsh, 77 Washington St. 

 Boston, Ma--.; l'"-'.£r, Keese & Hill, J91 Broadway, New 

 Viir k < ity ; \\M. M UoRitiso.v, Pennsylvania Avenue, Wash- 

 ington City: II. A. Hill. Keene, N H. ; Thomas Chamu.lk, 

 Uedtord, N. II. 



TERMS.— To single subscribers, Fifty Cents. Ten per 



ee-nt. will be allowed to the person who shall send more tnati 



one subscriber. Twelve copies will be sent tor toe advance 



phym nt or Five Dollars; t'Wehty-flve copiesibr Ten Dollars} 



Dpies for Twenty Dollars. The [):iyment in ever; caseto 



ll in ad\ ami'. 



q^j'Muiiv/ and subscriptions, by a regulation of the Post Master 

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55-AII gentlemen who htive heretofore acted as Agents are 

 requested to continue their Aeeucy. Old subscribers who 

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 already on our bnoks. 



Interesting from Ireland. 



Cork, (Ireland) Dec. 30, 1817. 

 Aoies from Abroad, hj John H. Sherburne, .luthor 

 of" The lourisl's Guide in Europe," o/c. 

 In coining from Dublin, I took tlie railway into 

 Tipperary county, so noted for ilie murders, 

 house-breaking and continued robberies, and 

 stood upon t lit- spot where a murder was commit- 

 ted the ilny before my arrival. Tbe whole coun- 

 ty is in a siuie of complete revolution, and the 

 adjacent counties are beginning to join in tbe 

 unholy league against Ibe wealthy land-holders, 

 many of uhum have offered high premiums to 

 have their lives insured, rather than leave their 

 splendid residences, to the mercy of the midnight 

 incendiary. 1 was informed by Judge P. of the 

 Insolvent Court, with whom I passed an evening, 

 thai ii was not altogether, the failure of the pott- 

 le crop thai caused ibe present prevailing dis- 

 tress, for that the turnip crop was very great, so 

 much so, that ihe article was then selling at ibe 

 low price of twelve shillings a ton, and this food, 

 tnixi d with corn-meal, was more cheap and nu- 

 tritive than the boiled potato; and from what I 

 saw, in passing through the country, of the turnip 

 crop. I was convinced of the truth of the remark 

 from Judge P. 



It appears for a few years past', that the farmers 

 and others have been in the habit of borrowing 

 small sums of money of small brokers and shav- 

 ers, to do which, they were required lo have 

 many endorsers on the note, if only for a lew 

 pounds; these endorsers, I > v treating them, as is 

 termed here, freely wrote their names, not think- 

 ing ever to be called upon to meet the obligation. 

 As these notes tell due, they were renewed from 

 time to time at an exorbitant and ruinous inter- 

 egt, and tins state of things continued Until the 

 failure of the potato crop; the principals on the 

 notes, who were mere tenants at will, had no 

 means wherewith lo pay, and then suits against 

 the endorsers commenced, who, to save their lit- 

 tle personal properly from the sheriff, would 

 mortgage part of their property to have a renew- 

 al of the bond until a potato crop (on which they 

 relied,) should be housed for market. Again the 

 crops failed, and a general sweep by the sheriff' 

 commenced this fall. The debtors, to save them- 

 selves, disposed of all their live stock and other 

 moveables, and their rents falling dun at the same 

 time, and not having the means to meet them, 

 the land-holders commenced to oust them from 

 Iheir miserable abodes, and hence the marauding 

 sysiem as at llns moment exists. Tbe Judge 

 stated, that he had released, the day previous, 

 one hundred and sixly by the insolvent act out 

 of three hundred who had made application, 

 and presumed each debtor owed some ten to 

 twenty persons, who were unable to lose the 



tamsmamm 



amount; and they, in turn, to save themselves, 

 would SOOII apply on the very same account, and 

 thus go on : and as a last resource, lake to the 



highway, with a determination and rashness to 

 make the property-holder support them. In 

 gOoie counties there is an average of ten able 

 bodied men lo the acre of ground, so populous 

 have Ihey become, and not £10 in cash ill the 

 whole county among them, 'therefore, if times 

 were good, not more than three of these men 

 could he employed to advantage on an acre. — 

 This is the wretched slate in which half Ireland 

 is now plunged, which causes dismay throughout 

 the island ; for men to starve, and see their wives 

 and children starve, when the neb land-holders' 

 granaries are full, and iheir numerous Hocks and 

 herds in the lield, within sight of their inud- 

 cabin, ihey will not; but war to the knife when 

 in such a desperate situation. 



All kinds of provisions and breadstuff's are 

 plenty in tbe market, and not much in demand 

 at present. The merchants are continuing to 

 receive large consignments of Indian corn, 

 wheat, &c, from the Danube and Black Sea, at a 

 less price than from the United States; but sales 

 are quite dull, and the merchants in Cork at this 

 time are doing next to nothing in the provision 

 and corn line, and money scarce ; but the con- 

 stant arrival of specie from the United States 

 causes much pleasing sensation, and cunliilence 

 remains unshaken while the precious metal flows 

 into the country from the land cf Canaan. 



The Earl of Mountcashel arrived here last 

 Monday from London with his family, by the 

 steamer, and stopped at tbe Imperial Hotel, in 

 which I have a room. He was extremely com- 

 municative, and gave me much information as 

 regards Ireland, in return for information 1 gave 

 him relative to the United Slates. The Carl has 

 no difficulty vvith bis tenants, nor will he allow 

 bis overseer to oppress them at this time. His 



beautiful residence is called Mone Park, sixteen 

 miles from Cork, and is in sight from the main 

 read. He says America is now the pole star oil 

 which not only half of Ireland is gazing with 

 longing eyes, hut he believes half the world also. 

 "A great, very great country indeed, and a 

 mighty people," continued his lordship, with a 

 smile, and then asked if I thought the Union 

 would last, as we continued to advance south. I 

 replied that so long as lightning by telegraph, 

 and steam continued, link alter link could be ad- 

 ded to the chain without causing a break, and 

 the addition probably would eoininue until the 

 chain embraced the whole American continent. 

 While at Dublin, I made a pilgrimage to the 

 cemetery where the remains of O'Connell lie 

 entombed in state. His body is encased in three 

 coffins, and bis face is visible through a glass 

 made for the purpose. Willi him dieil the influ- 

 ence of Ibe O'Connell family in Ireland, and 

 with him the rent money look to itself wings 

 amid tbe curses of thousands of poor, destitute 

 women, who were promised lo have it .all re- 

 turned with four-fold interest at his death. The 

 rent money ami repeal were humbug upon hum- 

 bug, and many is the laugh here among the 

 knowing ones of the watchful Americans being 

 so deluded .and taken in while these humbugs 

 were the order of the day. The mantle of the 

 father has not, in this instance, fallen on tbe son 

 in regard to influence among the ignorant 



Cork is now more a city of commerce and 

 business than Dublin. The forks of the river 

 Lee, running through the city, and its wide 

 quays, crowded with the arrival of sieamers and 

 foreign shipping, make the beautiful city have 

 the appearance of much busile and business; 

 and the beggars are not one-third so numerous 

 as ihey are at Dublin. The cove of Cork is not 

 surpassed in Europe for iis magnitude and con- 

 venience for shipping, in whirl) nil the navies of 



■i S . . ~ 7 j , --. . *-. ~. - .„- - .,... — — _^..-— HI 



the world, I should suppose, could be safely an- 

 chored, and room to spare. 



The emigration from here the coming spring 

 to the United States, will be immense ; all who 

 intend going are making arrangements in dispo- 

 sing of what they possess, and contracts have 

 been made to lessen the passage money. The 

 cry is, "To the United States — to New York," 

 and a majority are females, who have been sent 

 for by their friends ; therefore you may look nut 

 in ihe spring and summer for an inundation from 

 the Emerald Isle. I enclose you a few columns 

 taken from die Cork Constitution of yesterday, 

 proving in a measure my statement of tbe Cause 

 of the great distress now sweeping this island — 

 insolvency and the worst means lo meet engage- 

 ments, &c, among the farmers and tenants. — 

 Temperance, notwithstanding the pressure and 

 starvation, continues to advance steadily on its 

 iindeviating course. 



The day after my arrival at Cork, I had the 

 honor of a call from Father Mathew, tbe great 

 apostle of temperance, and walked with him to 

 his residence, where 1 passed a pleasant hour; 

 he slowed tne his books of registry of the names 

 of those who had received the pledge, which 

 amounts to five millions seven hundred and live 

 thousand three hundred and ninety-four,to Christ- 

 mas day, and many were wailing to add their 

 names. The lower room of his bouse is over- 

 flowing from day to day, and many round the 

 doors day and night to gain admittance or their 

 turn. The reverend father informed me be 

 should leave Ireland for the United Stales early 

 in the spring, in the packet ship Ocean, (New 

 World ?) Captain Knight, and land at New York ; 

 says he counts each day as it passes, which will 

 take him to the land of liberty, the land of milk 

 and honey, where in person be can thank the 

 people for their great charitable donations to 

 Ireland. The father invited me to dinner the 

 following day, where I met the Lord Mayor and 

 corporation of the city of Cork, with a few of 

 the clergy, and bad a most sumptuous dinner, 

 and drank America and Ireland in a bumper of 

 pure spring water. Father Mathew is forty-five 

 years of age, and in figure and race the most 

 splendid specimen of Cod's work I ever beheld; 

 well may he lie termed one of nature's noble- 

 men ; he is a gentleman of the old school, full of 

 anecdote, and is, it seems, adored by till rinses; 

 his charity has no bounds and I am confident be 

 will be received in America as her guest, while 

 he sojourns in that land of promise, nut for his 

 religion', hut for the great cause in which he ig 

 engaged for the good of a whole people, ami in 

 doing so expended a small fortune. 



American FARMEas. — Many thousand farmers 

 in New England rear large families, pay all their 

 debts and taxes promptly, live independently, 

 well clothed and comfortably housed and provid- 

 ed fur, and lay up money on farms of fifty acres. 

 The idea is, that these people labor severely. 

 This is a great mistake. They have much, be- 

 cause they waste no time. Willi them there is 

 "a place for everything, and everything in its 

 place." Their horses and cattle, tools and im- 

 plements, are attended to with clock-like regu- 

 larity. Nothing is put off till to-morrow that, 

 can be done to-day. Economy is wealth, and 

 system affords ease. These men are seldom in 

 a hurry, except in harvest time. And in long 

 winter evenings, or severe weather, which for- 

 bids employment out doors, one makes corn 

 brooms, another shoes, a third is a carpenter, 

 cooper or tailor; and one woman spins, another 

 weaves, and a third plaits " Leghorn bonnets." 

 And the families thus occupied are among ihe 

 most healthy and cheerful in the world. It is 

 easy with them to reduce their wishes to their 

 means, if inconvenient or imprudent ; and to 

 extend their means to their wishes. 



