Jurmer's Jlmttljlg Ifftsitcrt 



■■pi.'lMBJnii Jl_ 



CONDUCTED DY ISAAC HILL. 



I WHO Labor IX THE EARTH ARE THE CHOSEN rEOPLE or God, WHOSE MUSTS HE HAS HADE HI) 1-E. IT.IAU DEFOBITE FOE *en.| »mial AMD OEKUI 1(1 -I n I i '. ."— .Irffcrson. 



VOL. 10. NO. .3. 



BOSTON, MASS., MAY 31, 1848. 



WHOLE NO. 113. 



THE FARMER'S MONTHLY VISITOR, 



PUBLISHED BV 



JOHN MARSH, 



ISSIED ON THE LAST DAY OF EVERY MONTH, 



77 Washington Street, Boston, Mass. 



{ty- General AfiENTs. — John Marsh, 77 Washington St. 



Uass.; Uoolet, Kbese & Hill, 191 lln- ol v\ ;iy. .V\v 



IToiK Uitj ; IVm. M Morrison, Pennsylvania Avenue, W"aBh 



InelonClty; H. A. Bill, Keene, N li. ; Thomas Chandler, 



Bedford, .\. II. 



TERMS.-T.. single subscribers, Fiflij Cents. Tin per 

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be made in :.il\ ami'. 



\loneyandsiLBscrlptionSi bya regulation of the PostMaster 



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33TAII gentlemen wao have heretofore 1 acted as Agents are 

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air- in I a nil our books. 



Researches on the Fattening of Cattle, and the 

 Formation of Milk. 



By three among the most distinguished men of the age — 



DUMAS, BOL'SSINGAUI.T, AND PAY EX. 



The result of their investigations is thus sum- 

 me<l|ii|>. We have round Ivy experiment that the 



hay i tains more of the fatty matter than the 



milk which it ones to form, and that it is the 

 same with the oilier rations on which eows or 

 milch asses have been put. Thai oil cake in- 

 creases the production of butter, hut is liable to 

 make ii less solid, anil maj give it the taste of 

 vegetable oil, when there is mo great a quantity 

 of this food in the ration. That Indian corn 

 possesses a power of fattening dependent on the 

 large proportion of oil which it contains 1 . That 

 there exists the most perfect analogy between 

 the production of milk and the fattening el ani- 

 mals, as the breeders of stock had anticipated. — 

 That, nevertheless, the fattening ox turns to use 

 less of the fatty matter, or azotised substances 

 than the milk cow. That this last merits, in an 

 economical point of view, by much the prefer- 

 ence, whin ihe question is to got from a pasture 

 the greatest amount of food useful to man. That 

 potatoes, mangel wurtzel, and carrots, only fallen 

 in so far as they are joined with products cotl- 

 taining I'm substance, such as straw, the seeds' of 

 cereal plains, bran or oil cake. That equal 

 weights of gluten mixed with fectlla and flesh 

 rich or fit, produce an effect in fattening, which, 

 in the hog, differs in the ratio of 1 to 2. All 

 these results agree so completely with the opin- 

 ion which holds that fitly matter passes in sub- 

 stance from the digestive canal into the chyle, 

 and thence into the blood, the milk, or the tis- 

 sues — that it is difficult I'm' us to imagine on 

 what fact can lie founded the idea that the fatty 

 matter is capable of being formed from any sub- 

 stance by the animal itself. 



The building of the factory was con sneed 



in October, 1846. This factory is of solid gran- 

 ite, dug on the spot, and is 351 feet long, 55 

 broad, and two stories and an attic in height. A 

 canal, nearly a mile long, 15 feel wide at the bot- 

 tom, 37 at the surface, ami upwards of 5 feet 

 deep, furnishes, or rather is to furnish the water 

 power, li conducts the water through the midst 

 of Ihe village from Horse Creek lo the factory. 

 Convenient to the factory are a grist mill, saw 

 mill, machine shop, and various other buildings. 



The village, slated to be a beautiful one, is sit- 

 uated on the slope of a hill. The factory is now 

 ready for machinery. It is to run 7,240 spindles ; 

 and 300 looms to make yard-wide sheeting, 30 

 inch shirtings; 4 yard drills, from No. 14 yarns. 

 It will use 4000 bales cotton annually, turn out 

 14,000 yards of cloth per day, and employ C00 

 people. 



The Charleston Sugar Refining Company and 

 the Charleston Gas Company are recent organ- 

 izations, which have already commenced busi- 

 ness with flattering prospects of success. 



Cheese Dairies of New York. 



In the transactions of the New York Slate Ag- 

 riciihiii.il Society, for 184(i, there is a paper from 

 the pen of 15. 1*. Johnson, tin- efficient Secretary 

 of that Institution, on Cheese Dairies, together 

 with the answers called forth from the Dairymen, 

 who took ihe premiums ol $50 ami $30 offered 

 by the Society. 



It appeared that the whole number of cows 

 then in the Slate was 999,400, of which 333,103 

 were employed in making clicese. The average 

 quantity of cheese made from a cow in Herki- 

 mer county, is 22<> pounds; and in some dairies 

 in that county ihe average is as high as (iHO lbs. 

 per cow. The annual average of Mr. Alonzo L. 

 Fisk's Dairy, for three successive years, was G80 

 pounds per cow, and in one of these years 714 

 per cow is stated to have been obtained. At ten 

 cents pel pound, the average for three years 

 would be $1)8 per cow. 



Were it not for the expense of sending over 

 long and bad roads to market, what a glorious 

 buller and cheese region would be the mountain 

 lands of Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia! — 

 But railroads will come, by and bye; they pos- 

 sess a wonderful power of self-elongation, and 

 fortunately, as they extend themselves, they not 

 only cheapen transportation, but diffuse know- 

 ledge, and advance civilization. They open 

 mines, ihey hew and saw timber, they build lac- 

 tones, and greatly increase the productive ca- 

 pacity of a Slate or country, were it only in sav- 

 ing tlie lime formerly wasted in travelling, leav- 

 ing it to be employed in the work of production ; 

 and thus adding in effect what is equal lo the la- 

 bor of millions of men ! 



A very weighty item in favor of Dairy hus- 

 bandry is, that it leaves the manure on the land, 

 while grain, anil cotton, and tobacco husbandry, 

 carries it all off the land. 



Gra.mtevili.e iManufactdring Comi-ant. — 

 The Charleston Mercury has a very interesting 

 account of the village of Gcaniteville, and of an 

 extensive cotton manufactory at that place. — 

 From this account it appears that Win. Gregg, 

 Esq., of Charleston, first commanded ihe atten- 

 tion id" the people to ihe importance of manu- 

 factures in the State of South Carolina, in a se- 

 ries of Idlers published in the newspapers. This 



was in 1845. A company v.as sunn formed, with 

 the .-sty le ut the Graniteville Manufacturing ( loin- 

 pany, with a capital of $300,000. Mr. Gregg 

 himself wis one of four gentlemen who took 

 one half of this slock. The Company proceeded 

 to purchase 11,000 acres of land in Fidgefield 

 district, embracing in ils ana Horse Creek. 

 The water power is here sufficient to drive three 

 or four large factories at all seasons of the year. 



The Crow. — The husbandman, or farmer, is 



often imcoii.-e s of the good these industrious 



birds do lor him at all seasons, except only in 

 long continued drought, whin the insects descend 

 into the earth, and when its surface becomes so 

 hard as to defy the efforts of the rooks to dig the 

 Inrbse out. At such limes, indeed, when their 



natural instincts are neutralized, ami when hun- 

 ger craves, they will in troops fall upon a field of 

 wheat or barley just ripening, and when; they 

 will do considerable damage, it not scared oil' by 

 a sentinel with his racket, or by hanging rags, 

 dipped in inched brimstone, on slicks about the 



field. But the far r is unwilling, for this their 



thievish crime, lo agree that they are otherwise 

 serviceable to him, because hi' can see where ihe 

 rooks have been at work : single plants of wheat 



or "lass actually pulled out of the ground, which 

 to him appears another unpardonable offence. — 

 But if lie would examine such depredations 

 closely, he would find that the bird bad only 

 pulled up a sickly plant, to reach the grub that 

 was feasting on ils roots, and which, but for bet 

 rook, would have disrooted many more. The 

 firmer knows well the injury he suffers from the 

 wire-worm, an insect more or less plenlilul in 

 every season, especially in old laud when newly 

 broken up. Now, the' lance of this beelle, to- 

 gether with those of all the chafers, are, in the 

 estimation of the rook, ihe sweetest morsels bo 

 can meet with ; and, led by bis keen sense of 

 scent, he will dig them out of the ground though 

 an inch or two below ihe surface. And as the 

 question concerning the good or bad properties 

 of the rook lo the farmers is very differently be- 

 lieved, let any one who lias doubts shoot, or 

 have one shot for him, when the bird is on bis 

 way home from the feeding ground. Let him 

 open the provision pouch and look at the con- 

 tents; this he will find consists entirely of the 

 larvae of insects, which are bred and fed on the 

 roots of plants in the ground. In this great and 

 good service the rook is assisted by the jackdaw 

 and starling, which are almost always fi-t-u asso- 

 ciated on places where grubs abound. — The Ru- 

 ral Clyctopccdia. 



Lime ! Lime ! — The best potatoes we have seen 

 of the crop of 1847, were raised on soil manured 

 with lime, house-ashes, and gypsum. These ar- 

 ticles are mixed before being applied to the soil, 

 in the proportion one third each. Not a single 

 potato was injured by the rot, though in contigu- 

 ous fields the crop was nearly destroyed. — 

 Wherever this compound has been used the pre- 

 sent season, the potatoes are sound and healthy ; 

 where it has not been used — so far as our infor- 

 mation extends, they have been more or less in- 

 jured by the plague. 



We trust our farming friends will give the 

 above ingredients a fair trial, the ensuing season; 

 it will cost but little, and may be the means of 

 effecting great good. Let every one try it. — Me. 

 Cultivator. 



Horticulture. 



There is probably no employment or recrea- 

 tion which has a stronger tendency to purify the 

 heart, improve the taste, or strengthen the physi- 

 cal constitution, than a love ol horticulture. If 

 a man would truly enjoy his garden, take delight 

 in his flowers, and appreciate his fruits, he must 

 be bis own gardener, prune bis own trees, gravel 

 his own walks, and cultivate his soil. It is rela- 

 ted by Cicero, that when Lj sunder visited Cyrus 

 of Persia, a prince equally distinguished for his 

 empire and his genius, Cyrus showed him a 

 piece of ground well enclosed and completely planted. 

 After the visiter had admired the tall and Straight 

 Irees, and the rows regularly formed, and the 

 ground clear of weeds and well cultivated, and 

 ihe sweetness of the odors which exhaled from 

 the flowers, he could not help expressing bis ad- 

 miration, not only of the diligence, but of the 

 skill of him by whom all this was measured and 

 marked out; upon which Cyrus answered, "It 

 was myself who measured everything, the rows of 

 trees are of my disposing, the plan is mine, and 

 many of the trees were planted with my own 

 hand." 



A truly kingly recreation and a noble exam- 

 ple. — Boston Journal. 



Saxon and Merino Sheep. 



Mr. Reed Burrilt, of Tompkins county, N. Y., 

 a correspondent of ihe Genesee Farmer, having 

 tried both kinds of sheep, Saxons and Merino?, 

 gives the latter the preference. lie states that 

 with the Saxon flock bis clip was two and a half 



