(iarmer's Jlautljlg ^isilxxc. 



CONDl!CTKI> BY ISAAC HIM,. 



'Thoas WHO LABOR in i hi: i:u;ih \ki: i hi: chosen people of Guo, whose hiie a sts he has made his peculiar deposits for substantial and genuine virtue." — Jefferson. 



VOL. 11. NO. 3. 



CONCORD, N. H., MARCH 31, 1849. 



WHOLE NO. 123. 



THE FA113IERS MONTHLY VISITOR, 

 PI BLISHEl) BY 



JOHN F. BROWN, 



ISSUED UN THE LAST DAY OF EVERY MONTH, 



At Aycr's Block, Concord, N. II. 



O^Gencral Agents. — John Maush, 77 Washington St. 

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■ > .n .w . .^w g. 



To the Editor of the Fanner's Monthly Visitor : 



Sir — The; enclosed article, cut from the col- 

 umns of" a liusion paper, contains suggestions so 

 well adapted to the benefit of all who are select- 

 ing choice varieiies of fruits, especially in relation 

 to kinds hesi adapted to cultivation on a small 

 scale, that I am induced to request yon to give it 

 an insertion in the next number of the Visitor. 

 A SUBSCRIBER. 



legislative Agricultural Society. 



FRUIT ARD FRUIT TREES. 

 The meeting of the farmers of the Legisla- 

 ture, on Tuesday evening, was occupied with the 

 discussion of the general topic of fruit ami fruit 

 trees. 



Mr. Wilder, of the Council, the President, on 

 introducing to the meeting the subject for dis- 

 cussion, remarked : 



Formerly, the cultivation of the finer fruits 

 was limited to the gardens of the opulent, or lo 

 the immediate proximity of a market; hut the 

 multiplied facilities of intercourse and transpor- 

 tation, the emulation excited by horticultural ex- 

 hibitions and conventions, and the increasing 

 importance of this product in a commercial 

 point, has awakened an interest which has 

 spread, as with magnetic speed, throughout our 

 land. Thousands of trees are planted, instead 

 of dozens, orchards and gardens on the most 

 extensive scale have been commenced, ami so 

 generally has this taste been diffused in our vi- 

 cinity, thai the cottage of the most humble la- 

 borer, without its fruit tree or grape vine, would 

 almost be considered an anomaly. 



The fame of American fruit is already pro- 

 verbial in foreign markets, ami the day is not 

 distant, when, in addition to the enormous con- 

 sumption at hom«, we shall supply England with 

 the finest pears, as we now do with the finest 

 apples that appear in her markets. 



It becomes a matter of the first importance to 

 .-■'ill:: lie- best and mo.-t successful mode of 

 cultivation, the great preliminaries of which, I 

 think, may he comprised in the following con- 

 siderations : 



1 — The selection of such sorts, and only such, 

 as, by uniformity of character, in various locali- 

 ties, particularly our own, have, after a trial of 

 yi ;n>, been proved to he hardy, productive, and 

 of excellent quality. 



■2— The right soil, and the proper preparation 

 of it. 



'■',— The appropriate kind of manure. 

 .Much disappointment litis been experienced 

 by the selection of new varieiies and of high- 



sounding names, rather than for any known ex- 

 cellence. To avoid this error, and in compli- 

 ance with frequent requests, 1 submit a list of 

 such varieiies in the various classes of fruits as 

 have been well tested and found generally to 

 possess the above characteristics. 

 APPLES. 



For three sorts — Large Early Bough, Graven- 

 stein, Baldwin. 



For six sorts — add Reii Astracham, Porter, 

 Rhode Island Greening. 



For twelve sorts — add Early Harvest, Williams, 

 Fall Harvey, Minister, Huhbardston ISonsuch, 

 Roxbury Russet. 



Fur Winter Sweet Jlpples—Dwvers Winter 

 Sweet, Seaver Sweet, Tahnan Sweet. 



Our country abounds with native varieties of 

 the Apple ; and there are, no doubt, many others 

 equal or superior to the foregoing, but not yet 

 generally tested. Among those of high reputa- 

 tion, are the Northern Spy, Melon, Mother, 

 Foundling, Magnolia, Jewell's Red, Twenty 

 Ounce, and the beautiful Ladies' Sweeting, now 

 before us, and which, should it prosper in our 

 soil, will take high rank as a very late keeper 

 and superb fruit. 



PEARS. 



For three varieiies — Williams Bon Chretien, or 

 Bartlett, Vicar of Winklield, Beurre d'Arem- 

 berg. 



For six varieties — add Bloodgood, Louise bon- 

 no de Jersey, Flemish Beauty. 



For tivelve do. — add Seckel, Fondante d'Au- 

 tomue, Urbiiniste, Golden Beurre of Bilboa, 

 Beurre Bose, Winter Nelis. 



For eighteen do. — add Dearborn's Seedling, 

 Andrews, Tyson, Heathcot, Long Green, Buffum. 



For new foreign sorts of good promise — Beurre 

 d'Anjou, Paradise d'Automne, .Doyenne Bos- 

 souck, Duchesse d'Orleans, Jalousie de Fonte- 

 nay Vendee, St. Andre. 



For new native sorts — of high reputation where 

 they originated — Pralt, Westcott, Abbott, Oil's 

 Seedling, Brandy wine, Leech's Kingsessing, 

 Howell. 



PEACHES. 



For three varieties— Early York, (serrated) 

 Crawford's Early, Old Mixon Freestone. 



For six sorts— add Geo. 4th, Grosse Mignonne, 



Crawford's Late. 



For twelve sorts— add Walter's Early, Nivette, 

 Btiigen's Yellow, Laie Admirable, Jaques, Old 

 Mixon Clingstone. 



CHERRIES. 



For three varieiies — May Duke, Black Tartarian, 

 Downer's Late. 



For six sorts— add Black Eagle, Elton, Down- 

 ton. 



For twelve sorts— add Knight's Early Black, 

 Grafiioii, or Bigarreau, Sweet Montmorency, 

 Spai hawk's Honey, Coleur de Chair, Late Duke. 



PLUMS. 



For three varieties— Green Gage, Jefferson, 

 Washington. 



For six varieties— -m\<\ Lawrence's Favorite, 

 Purple Gage, Imperial Gage. 



For twelve varieties — add Bingham, Bleeker's 

 Gage, Yellow Gage, Red Gage, Smith's Orleans, 

 Royal Native. 



Mr. Gray, of Boston, thought our country des- 

 tined to become a great fruit-growing country, 

 for our climate was peculiarly adapted to it. 



To counteract the dryness of our climate, Mr. 

 G. regarded subsoiling as very important. By 

 this means those roots that have a tendency to 

 shoot downwards, can do so. It was also re- 

 garded as very important to keep the soil around 

 the trees light— not to dig round them with a 

 spade so as to injure the roots, but to stir up the 

 soil with a rake or fork. The soil being kept 



light, operated as a non-conductor of heat. The 

 roots of fruit trees that are plained shallow, are 

 found to run very near the ground, and there is 

 danger therefore of their becoming parched. To 

 prevent this, the soil should be covered with 

 leaves or moss, by which means the moisture is 

 retained in the earth, and the necessity of wa- 

 tering it, which would be very troublesome, is 

 dispensed with. The ground around the trees 

 should not lie kept in a state of cultivation. 



Transplanting is a very important process, and 

 should be performed with great care. The 

 spring is the best season for planting trees with 

 us. Our winters are so long and severe, that 

 trees planted in the fall do not flourish well. 



Mr. Rice, of Newton, mentioned some of the 

 obstacles to the cultivation of fruit trees." Cat- 

 erpillars may he easily destroyed if attended to 

 in time. Borers may be removed by a wire, and 

 may be prevented by scraping the hark of the 

 trees. To prevent apples from becoming wormy, 

 Mr. Rice had taken pains to gather up all those 

 that had fallen from the trees. He approved of 

 digging around the trees, not in their immediate 

 vicinity, (for that did but little good) but so far 

 as the roots extended. 



Law of Love in School. 



A most effectual way to secure the good will 

 of a scholar, is to ask him to assist you. 



There is a boy in your school who is famous 

 for his skill in making whistles from the green 

 branches of the poplar. He is a had boy, and 

 likes to turn bis ingenuity to purposes of mis- 

 chief. You observe him some day in school, 

 when he thinks your attention is engaged in an- 

 other way, blowing softly upon a whistle which 

 he has concealed in his desk for the purpose of 

 amusing his neighbors, without attracting the at- 

 tention of the teacher. Now, there are two rem- 

 edies. Will you try the physical one? Then 

 call him out into the floor; inflict painful pun- 

 ishment, and send him smarting to his seat, with 

 his heart full of anger and revenge, to plot some 

 new and less dangerous scheme of annoyance. 

 Will you try the moral one? Then wait till the 

 recess; and while he is out at his play, send a 

 message out by another boy, saying that you 

 have heard he is very skilful in making whistles, 

 and asking him to make one for you to carry 

 home to a little child at your boarding house. 

 What would in ordinary cases be the effect? It 

 would certainly be a very simple application ; 

 but its effect would be, to open an entirely new 

 train of thought and feeling to the boy. "What!" 

 he would say lo himself while at work on bis 

 task, "give the master pleasure by making whis- 

 tles? Who ever heard of such a thing? I nev- 

 er thought of any thing but giving him trouble 

 and pain. I wonder who told him I could make 

 whistles?" He would find too, that the new en- 

 joyment is far higher and purer than the old, 

 and would have little disposition to return to the 

 latter. 



I do not mean, by this illustration, that such a 

 measure as this would be the only notice that 

 ought to be taken of a wilful disturbance in the 

 school. Probably it would not. What measure 

 in direct reference to the fault committed would 

 be necessary, would depend upon the circum- 

 stances connected with the cause. — Abbott. 



Never give up. 



Here is something for those who are mourning 

 under misfortune, from the New York Star. 

 Read it and " try again." 



All the young men have to be ruined once— it 

 they begin rich and prosperous. Nothing but a 

 miracle can save them. They either get mar- 

 ried before they can afford the luxury of a wife— 

 or fail, and then, and not until then are they 

 "ood for anything. Men are not made by coax- 



