32 



THE FARMER'S MONTHLY VISITOR- 



sive experiments, but we do tliink it will be 

 found good husbandry tq adopt this process to a 

 considerable extent on many farms. 



From the English correspondent of the N.- Y. American. 

 English Wines and Mining. 

 jVewcastle-upon-Tyne, Jlugmt, 1840. 



That man must be insane who should write a 

 letter at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, about any thing 

 bat coal. He has but one idea — coal! One tliiug 

 fills his vision — coal ! Coal is the standard of val- 

 ue, and coal dust the circulating medium. The 

 houses are built of coal. The streets are paved 

 with coal. The inhabitants live on coal. The 

 children look as if they were made of coal, and 

 even the white clouds are black ! 



What a wonderful region is Durhaui and Nor- 

 thumberkiiid shires.' The whole country is un- 

 dermined. Buildings are erected 700 and 800 feet 

 below the surface of the earth, and streets and 

 railways running for mdes in all directions, are 

 daily traversed by thousands of human beings. 

 Newcastle, with its population of ()0,000, stands 

 on the crust of a subteranean city. Some of 

 its houses have sunken their foundatioTis in eon- 

 sequence of the yielding of the ground beneath. 

 The River Tyne, as large as the Thames at 

 London, floats its commerce over these vast cav- 

 erns ; while at Sunderland and other places on 

 the coast, the ocean rolls its waves over the heads 

 of the miners. The chief wealth of Durham 

 and Northumberland lies hid in the bowels of the 

 eai'th where a very considerable portion of the in- 

 habitants pass half their time. The coal-pits 

 open their black mouths on every hill and in evei-y 

 valley. They may be distingtiislied far oft' by 

 the towering enginery erected over them employ- 

 ed in raising the coal and water from the depths 

 below, and the piles of the former which lie 

 r.roiuu', m hillocks waiting to be transported to 

 market. The country is lined with railways — 

 more abundant than hedgerow.s — used in "car- 

 rying coals to Newcastle." At every half mile, 

 you meet with the little villages of the pitmen 

 (as the laborers are called.) Tlie snug brick cot- 

 tages are arranged with regularity and taste — 

 each having its petit grass plat in front, usually 

 decked with flowers, and its vegetable garden and 

 fruit trees in the rear. What a contrast between 

 these smilling though humble abodes, and the dis- 

 mal caverns where the villagers spend nearly their 

 whole conscious existence ! 



Great labor and expense attends the sinking of 

 the shaft of a coal nJine. The exact location of 

 the strata must be ascertained by boring before 

 the exca\ation commences. This determined, 

 you know not what obstacles you may encounter 

 from veins of rocks or streams of water in your 

 descent. And, then, the destruction of lumian 

 life almost invariably in these perilous enterpris- 

 es! the gigantic nature of which may be infer- 

 red from the fact that the shafts are generally 

 sunk to the dej 

 times to 1200! 



M.4SSACHUSF.TTS Rail Roads. — Ths Boston 

 Daily Advertiser remarks that all the Rail Roads 

 in Blassachusetts whicli arc so far finished as to 

 admit of their affording any test of their future 

 productiveness, yield an income which insures to 

 the stockholders a fair remuneration for their in- 

 vestments. 



This will be seen more satisfactorily by the 

 following tabic, which we have prepared from 

 the abstract of the Reports of the several Roads 

 given in said paper. 



Capital. Receipts. Eipcn. Prof. Div. 

 Dols. Dols. Dols. Dola. p. c. 

 Boston &. Wots. 2.000,000 267,547 140,«1 127,106 6 

 Boston (tProv. 1,782,000 202,601 7 



Boston & Lowell, 1,800.000 231,575 91, -100 140,175 8 

 Kistcrn Riil Road, 1,864,190 183.297 105,293 78,00-15 

 Western Rail Rond. 112.347 62.071 50,275 



A-ashulii Lowell, ■ 350,000 82,638 62,532 30,105 7A 

 Boston & Portland, 517,401 93,468 70,022 •23,446 ej 

 N.B.&, Taunton, S95,9C0 26,437 13,026 13,4113" 

 Ta'inton B. Road, 250.000 75,477 6 



The Ocean Steamers. — The proposition now 

 before tr.e cily'governnient ol New York, is to 

 build four steamers of 2.500 tons each, to run be- 

 tween New York and Liverpool, and in case of 

 war the government to buy the steamers at a 

 valuation" agreed upon by both parties. The ves- 

 sels are to be built in till respects as men of war, 

 and to carry 1,500 to 3,000 tons freight with 200 



passengers, and intend to burn anthracite coal. 

 The capital to be employed is two millions of i\o\- 

 lars. If the government accede to the proposi- 

 tion, two of the steamers, it is said, will be ready 

 in May, 1842 — the other two the following year ; 

 the two first to run monthly, and, when the oth- 

 ers are completed, to run twice a month, except 

 three months in winter, when they will run only 



5 a 10 



Ship Building in Maine. — The tonnage of 

 new vessels built in in Maine last year, was 27,- 

 705,600 tons, being more than any other in the 

 Union, consisting of 26 ships, 48 brigs, 68 schoon- 

 ers and 3 steamboats. 



BANK NOTE LIST. 

 Corrected by Geo. F. Cook &- Co. Exchange Brokers, 



No. 26, Slate Street, opposite the Merchants' Bank, 



Boston, Mass.— Feb. 18. 



MAINE. 



— per ct. dis. 

 Bangor Commercial Biink, Bang 

 Calais Banlt, at Calais, 



Washington County, do. — a — 



Stillwater Canal, at Orono, 25 a 50 



City Bank, Portland, 10 a 15 



Frankfort Bank, Frankfort, 50 a — 



Westbrook Bank, 3 a 5 



Georgia Lumber, Porfland, 5 a 10 



Oxiord Bank, at Fryeburg, ' fraud. 



Bangor Bank, old, closed. 



Mercantile Bank, Bangor, 4 a 5 



Globe Bank, at Bangor, — a — 



Citizens' Bank, at Augusta, (new plate) — a — 

 Agricultural Bank, at Brewer, — a — 



NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

 Wolfeborough Bank, 90 a — 



Concord Bank, Concord, 3 a 5 



MASSACHUSETTS. 

 Commonwealth Bank, Boston, 10 a — 



Chelsea Bank, at Chelsea, 80 a — 



Fanners' & Mechanics' South Adams, 80 a — 

 Nahantf Bank, at Lynn, 80 a — 



Fulton Bank, redeemed at their counter, Kilby stn 

 Middling Interest, 15 a 20 



Middlesex Bank, at Cambridge, S a — 



Norfolk Bank, at Roxbury, redeemed at their cou 

 Rojibury. do. fraud 



East Br'idgewater, at East Bridgcwater, 

 Ncwburyport Bank, at Newburyport. — a 50 



RHODE ISLAND. 

 Scituate Bank, 20 a — 



VERMONT. 

 Bennington Bank, at Bennington, .3 a 5 



St. Albans St. Albans. 4 a 5 



Essex, Guildhall, 80 a — 



Montpelicr, at Montpelicr, 3 a 5 



CONNECTICUT. 

 Housatonic Rail Road Co. 3 a 5 



England 



BANIC NOTE TABLE. 



113= The Bills of all the Banks in the New 

 States, which are in good credit, are received 

 deposit, bv the following Banks, viz: — .\tlantic. Atlas, 

 Eagle, Freonniis', Globe, Granite, Hamilton, Market, Me- 

 chanics', Mr .cliant's. North, South, State, Suffolk, Shoe 

 and Lc.itlicr Healers', Tremont, Traders', Shawmut, Un- 

 ion, and Washington. 



(0= The Suffolk Bank transacts the business relating to 

 the Countrv Banks, for the above mentioned Banks. 



(15= Bill's of tlie following Banks are not received by 

 the Associated Banks : — 



.MASS.\CHUS£TTS. 

 Fulton Bank, 

 - , Commonwealth Bank 

 1 s I Franklin Bank, 

 Lafayette Bank, 

 Nahant Bank, at Lyni 

 Chelsea Bank, at Chelsea. 

 Middlesex Bank, at Cambridge. 



l^nt^oTN^otik, ^I^-'^-y. 

 Middling Interest Bank, Boston. 

 Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank, at S. .\d 

 Newburyport Bank, at Nev.burynort. 



Boston. 



MAINE. 

 Oxford Bank, at I'ryeburg. 

 Damariscotta Bankj at Newcastle. 

 Georgia Lumber Company, Portland. 

 City Bank, Portland. 

 Bangor Commercial Bank, Bangor. 

 Calais Bank, Calais. 

 Washington County Bank, Calais. 

 Bank of Old Town. ) nr„„„ 



Stillwater Canal Bank. ^ O^ono. 

 Bank of Westbrook, at Wc-st'irook. 

 Mercantile Bank, Bangor. 

 Peoples' Bank, Bangor. 

 Frankfort Bank, Frankfort. 

 Penobscot Bank, Bangor. 

 Globe Bank, Bangor, 

 Citizens' Bank, Augusta, (n 

 Agricultural BanK, at Brewer. 

 NEW HAMPSHIRE. 



■ plate) 



VERMONT. 

 Bank of St. Albans, at St. Albans. 

 Essex Bank, at Guildhall. 

 Bank of Manchester at Manchester. 

 Bank of Windsor, at Windsor. 

 Bank of Bennington. 

 Bank of Montpelicr. 



Sir William Jones.-— There is a celebrated 

 couplet by this distinguished linguist, in which 

 he has told us how he spent his time : — 



'■ Seven hours to sleep ; to law's grave studies seven. 

 Ten to the world allot, and all to'Hcaven. 



THE MARKETS. 



NEW YORK MARKET, Feb 20. 

 From the Journal of Commerce. 



950 N. Orleans, 10 a 12 j 450 Mobile, 10 a 12|. Among 

 the Uplands was a lot of 900 bales Liverpool good fair 

 atllSclb. 



COFFEE— Java at 12.^ a 12J cents. Other kinds at 7 

 to 11 cents. 



HOPS— A few sales dm making from the small stocks 

 at 38 a 40c, lb. 



HAY— Is selling at 70 a 75c. per 100 lbs. 



r has sold at 45c ; Sweet Malaga 

 laderia at 4S a68 ; Red at 35 ; Madei- 

 Sherryat,SI,al 75. 

 here have been sales of 300 hhds New 

 M ^r .v Orlr ;,n= :it 274c, and 263 hhds 



at Kl lOo 

 1, and S24c, 



^n^ Kng,.,h L,.ee 



RICE— Sales of 300 I 



SALT— A cargo of T 



SEEDS— Clover is at SaSJc lb. and rough flaxseed 

 glO 25 tc ; 100 tcs Timothy sold at $25, and some after- 

 wards at g'il tee, though this is more than can be certainly 

 fcalculated upon hereafter. 



SUGARS— Sales of 250 hhds New Orleans, at C^alc. ; 

 new crop Porto P.ico, at 9c. ; ICO bris. white Brazil, at 

 8| ; 250 boxes brown Havana, at 71o7| ; 150 white do. at 

 9|c. all 4 mos. 



CORN EXCH.\NGF.— The sales of flour have been 

 moderate, in extent. Genesee at J^4 75, New Orleans at 

 gi 75, Ohio, north about, al. ^4 88, Georgetown and How- 

 ard St. in a very small way at $5. 



BOSTON MARKET, FEB. 23. 



COTTON— The Cotton accounts per Britannia have 

 caused no action or change whatever on the market, which 

 remains in the same lifeless state. The sales of Cotton 

 in Liverpool during the month of January were large. — 

 embracing 144.000 bales : 44,000 taken on speculation. 



FLOUR — Considerable sales have taken place to-day in 

 consequence of holders offering at lower prices. Consid- 

 erable Howard Dtreet has sold at gi 75, cash, and S5, 4 

 mos. ; 2 a 3,000 bbls. Ohio, via New Orleans, nearly all in 

 market, gi 75 a 4 81, cash, and 5, 4 mos. Genesee re- 

 mains the same, 5 25, and dull, for common brands. 



GRAIN— Corn, dull ; sales, white at 49 a 50c ; yellow 

 50 a 51c. 



HIDES— 37,000 Central Americans sold 12 l-2c per lb. 

 6 mos. for 22 ik hides. 



BRIGHTON MARKET— .Wo?iday,Fc6r»ai.i/ 22, 1841. 

 (Reported for the Daily Advertiser and Patriot.) 

 At market, 205 Beef Cattle, 615 Sheep, and 90 Swine. 

 About 30 Beef Cattle and all the Swine have been befora 



Prices — Betf Cattle. — We advance our quotations to 

 correspond with sales. We noticed a beautiful cow, from 

 Worcestercounty sold for about ,^100. We quote a few 

 extra at »G 75 a $1 ; first quality §6 25 a 6 50 : third qual- 

 ity ,S4 25, 4 75 and g5. 



SActp— Lots were sold at $2 50, 3 50, 4 25, 4 75 and $5. 



Swine — No lots were sold to peddle ; and a few only 

 were retailed at from 4 to 5^. 



