50 



THE FARMER'S MONTHLY VISITOR. 



to say there is no limit to an extended improve 

 ment ; for we may, in the way of embellishment 

 or to gratify the pride of the eye, increase ex- 

 pense with no corresponding increase of produc- 

 tion ; and we may exceed the bounds of reason 

 in the application of manure or in working the 

 soil. Now if we succeed in instilling into the 

 minds of all farmers what the best farmers al- 

 ready know from their -own experience, how long 

 shall" it be before the face of every man's farm 

 shall change for the better ? If a man knows 

 tliat certain means will produce certain results, 

 and at the same time is fully advertised that these 

 results will greatly promote his advantage, he 

 will not be so unwise as long to delay the action 

 so important to his interest. 



There are hundreds of experiments to which 

 the farmer's attention is called as well by conver- 

 sation with his neighbor as by the agricultural 

 journals of the day. Many of these experiments 

 are of no great moment : some of them tend to 

 trifling results : others produce real mischief; and 

 the tendency of all of them is to produce disgust 

 towaids experimental " book farming." Our ag- 

 ricultural j)aper8 should unite their energies in 

 promoting the " one thing needful" to the farmer ; 

 and that is, the art of uicreasing production at Ihe 

 least c:cpensf. They should turn the attention of 

 the farmer to those most successful methods 

 which are practised by ingenious men, making 

 the best crops of this year productive of greater 

 crops of the next year and future years. They 

 should arouse the ambition of every man not to 

 suffer his neighbor with no better means than he 

 possesses to excel him ; and they should teach 

 the man of limited means to look with no dis- 

 couragement on the more abundant means and 

 resources of his neighbor. He has not always 

 occasion to be more proud who has the most 

 money or most acres, or who possesses the beist 

 and most convenient and capacious houses and 

 barns. That man deserves best of his coiuitry 

 who with more stinted means accomplishes the 

 greater improvement. 



We are not among those who utter comi)Iaiiiis 

 that our legislatures, either State or National, do 

 too little for the direct encouragement of the Ag- 

 ricultural interests. If the legislature, in encour- 

 aging other classes of men, do not discourage 

 and oppress the farmer, we are prone to the be- 

 lief that few practical farmers of good jense will 

 complain. We would even be willing that the 

 farmers should forego the advantage of all pre- 

 miums from the public chest and even of agri- 

 cultural surveys supported at the general expense, 

 if they shall not in their turn be taxed for i)remi- 

 ums and privileges to other callings and profes- 

 sions. The hot-bed protection of extra legisla- 

 tion is, as a general rule, attended with more 

 unfavorable than favorable consequences. The 

 agricultural interest will be led to no good by the 

 extensive proffer of such protection. The ibun- 

 dation stone of our country's prosperity needs not 

 the artificial prop of legislative aid. It will best 

 stand in its own strength. It is better to leave the 

 patronage of new experiments to the munificence 

 of generous individuals, than directly to tax the 

 pockets of the people for any new excitement to 

 any particular class or calling. The farmers w ish 

 not themselves to be burdened for the furnishing 

 of artificial rneans to any other profession : they 

 ask nothing for their own encouragement that a 

 just i)rinciple would deny to others. To be let 

 alone in all lawful pmsuits is the best encourage- 

 ment they require from the State or National 

 Legislature.— jErf. Monlldy FMor. 



We copy the following judicious advice from 

 the Amherst Cabinet : — 



Transplanting Trees.— The present is the 

 month for tiasplanting shade and fiuit trees, and 

 we hope it will be improved by all those who 

 have a desire to beaulify their grounds, and to 

 increase the cotntbrts and pleasures of life. 



We could ask no easier task, than to show that 

 It 18 good economy to beautify and enrich our 

 lands by the cultivation of shade and fruit trees 

 But we trust that this will be apparent to every 

 one who will give the subject a moment's con- 

 sideration. 



This is a duty we owe to those who may live 

 after us. It is characteristic of the wise and 

 good that they live not merely for themselves, but 

 also for posterity. We are now reaping the re- 

 wards, and eating the fruits o( our fathers' labors, 



who were wise enough to provide for our wants 

 and comforts. Tiie beautiful shade trees before 

 your dwellings, which shield you from the heat 

 of summer and shed an air of fragiiince and 

 beauty around the S[)ot on which they stand, and 

 your fruit u-ees from which you have so often I'e- 

 galed yourselves, were planted by their hands, 

 And as you enjoy these comforts, gratitude to 

 them, and duty to your children, demand that you 

 should imitate their wise example, in thus pro- 

 viding for the wants of those who may succeed 

 you in the occupation of your dwellings and your 

 land. If you would be remembered by posterity 

 with gratitude as among " the wise and good," 

 you can secure yoiu- object in no surer way than 

 by transplanting each year a few trees to the 

 spot on which you live, and attending to their cul 

 tivation. 



But it is too often the objection felt and ex 

 pressed, that shade and fruit trees are to be cul 

 tivated only for posterity. But this is a mistaken 

 notion. Even the man of gray hairs may trans- 

 plant fruit trees, and eat the fruit thereof Ap- 

 ple trees, when taken from the nursery, may by 

 grafting and proper culture, be brought to beai^ 

 ing in five years. — Peach trees generally pro- 

 duce fruit the third or fourth year. The Plum, 

 the Pear, the Cherry, and all the lesser fruits, re- 

 quire but a few years' care and attention befiire 

 they begin to reward the small amount of labor 

 they require. And, as to shade trees, though they 

 require a louger time to reach perfection, y 

 they in a short series of years add beauty to the 

 spot where they are found — Some of the finest 

 elms in this village have grown up from seedlings 

 within the last fifteen or twenty years. A very 

 few years of care and cultivation will surround 

 your premises with beautiful trees and shrubbe- 

 ry, and furnish yoin- table with the most delicious 

 fruit. 



A word to those who have the charge ofpublit 

 buildings, as churches, school houses, &c. No' 

 thing improves the appearance of such building! 

 more than a few handsome trees and a little 

 shrubbery. If our ecliool bouse plots were to be 

 thus beautified, would they not present gieatci 

 attractions to our youth, and would not the asso 

 elation of tlie beautiful in nature, which might be 

 thus connected with their education, have n hap- 

 py and highly beneficial influence upon their 

 minds ? 



From the IN. E. Farmer. 

 Rules for young Blen in the employ of Gentle- 

 men. 



Mr. Editor — Sir — The author of the folio 

 ing rules has now labored for several years in the 

 families of gentlemen, and has found by careful 

 ly adopting them, that they have been the means 

 of procuriug for him good places, constant em- 

 ployment, and of filling his pockets with money. 

 For the benefit of those young men who are con- 

 tinually coming from the country to seek em- 

 ployment with the genteel in this vicinity, you 

 may, if you please, insert them in your valuable 

 paper. Yours, &c. QJ^ 



Medford, Mass. 



1. Rise early and make good fires, with as lit- 

 tle noise as possible. 



2. Keep your barn neat and your horses and 

 cows well fed and well cleaned. Have your 

 horses ready to use at all times and see that your 

 harness is clean, well oiled and in every respect 

 perfect. 



3. Always be good naturcd to the hired girls 

 and your employers, doing whatever they ask 

 you to do without murmuring, and that too as 

 soon as it is possible after they call upon you. 



4. Always move quickly, and as though it was 

 not a hard task to obey orders. 



5. Always finish the piece of work you begin 

 as soon as practicable, and be sure not to have 

 many unfinished jobs upon ynur hands at once. 



6. Always be manly. Say no more than is 

 necessary. Never act out the boy by telling com ■ 

 ical stories, or by much and loud laughter. 



7. Never drink ardent spirits. Never smoke 

 about the premises. If you chew tobacco, (which 

 no man ought to do,) do not spit about the house, 

 carriages, or any other place where it will make 

 dirt or be offensive. 



8. When sent on an errand, never stop to tell 

 long utories. Do not forget half, or do your er- 

 rands imperfectly. 



0. If you have an errand of your own to do, do 



not sneak away to do it unbeknown to your em- 

 ployer, but be open and honest with respect to 

 the time which you take to yourself. 



10. Always dress according to your work that 

 you may make no unnecessary labor lor any one. 



1 1. Always do all your work as well as you 

 know how to do it, thoroughly and in its season. 



12. Be perfectly honest in all things relating to 

 your employer's work or properly. 



13. Keep your tools all in order. Have a place 

 for every thing, and keep every thing in its place. 



14. Be careful to put your employer to no un- 

 necessary expense for any thing. 



15. Keep your room and clothes neat at all 

 times. 



16. Never manifest too much affection for the 

 hired girls where you live, or spend too much 

 time with them or any others. 



17. Ask not for your pay oftencr than is neces- 

 sary. Take good care of your money and spend 

 but little for amusement. 



18. If you have any leistu'c moments at any 

 time, spend them in such a manner as will bene- 

 fit you and also your emjiloyer. 



19. Do not take your employer's time to read 

 books or newspapers, unless by his own request. 



20. Never use deception in any case, but al- 

 ways let the truth and the whole truth govern 

 your actions and words. 



21. Use not profane or vulgar language about 

 the house or yom- work. 



22. If any thing takes place contrary to your 

 wishes, do not fly into a passion, but try to quell 

 and bring your temper under due subjection. 



93. Never undertake a job until you understand 

 fully how you employer wishes to have it done. 



24. Make it a rule' to always attend religious 

 worship somewhere all the sabbath. 



25. Try to take as much care upon you as pos- 

 sible, and always see that all doors are locked 

 and every place well secured, which it is your 

 duty to see to. 



26. Always try to be at home as much as |)os- 

 sible evenings, and do not go <iut to stay late with- 

 otit your employer's knowledge. 



27. Do not lounge about grog shops and tav- 

 erns on any account whatever. 



28. The best manner in which you can spend 

 your evenings is at home, in reading, writing and 

 sturly. 



20. Always be carefiil with lights and fire, at 

 nil times. 



30. Never have but few visitors, and especially 

 go not out yourselves among the "multitude who 

 do evil." 



These rules might be extended, but I forbear, 

 hoping that these few may be regarded by all 

 young men who wish to gain a good character, 

 wcaltii and honor. 



Poui.Tr.v. — The term poultry is applied to all 

 kinds of domestic (owls, which make the Ihrni- 

 yard their habitation. Notwithstanding the ad- 

 vantage of this sort of stock is frequently pro- 

 nounced to be doubtfid, yet we think no fiirmer 

 c»n consider his establishment complete with- 

 out a supply, as, when rightly managed, it is a 

 source of grer.t profit. With little expense, a far- 

 mer may enclose a small tract of land near hi.s 

 barn, with a fence of rough boards, pointed at 

 the top, which will effectually prevent fowls from 

 escaping. In this enclosure, cheap sheds may be 

 erected for their accommodation. It is not neces- 

 sary to keep the difterent sorts of fowls separate, 

 provided the yard be sufficiently large for their 

 convenience, with proper divisions and roosts lor 

 them to retire to. For geese and ducks, howev- 

 er, it is necessary to enclose a pool within the yard. 

 In this yard they may be kept without trouble, 

 and fed with corn, boiled potatoes, and at an ex- 

 pense much less than the income that may be de- 

 rived from them. It is said that if fowls be fed 

 with buck-wheat or hemp-seed, they will lay 

 more eggs than when fed with any other articles. 



It should be the constant aim of every farmer to 

 make all parts of his "domains" tributary to his 

 finances ; and for this purpose he slioufd levy 

 frequent contributions upon his field, his pastures, 

 his woodlands, orchards, gardens, and farm-yard, 

 "Monarch of all he surveys," he should summon 

 all his possessions to aid him in the attainment of 

 that competence that is necessary to his personal 

 independence, haii|)inpss, and moral improve- 

 ment. — Jf'orccster Palladivm. 



