176 



THE FARMER'S MONTHLY VISITOR. 



capable of assimilation by anotber kind of plants, 

 whicb would tbiis remove them from tbe soil, and 

 render it again fertile for tbe first. And if tbe 

 planis last grown also expel substances from tbeir 

 roots, which can be appropriated as food by tbe 

 forner, they will improve the soil in two ways." 

 — Cultivator. 



Importance of Chemistry to Acricui-ture. 

 If we strew tbe floors of our stables with gypsum 

 from time to time, tbey will lose all their otten- 

 sive stnell, and none of the ammonia which forms 

 can be lost, but will be retained in a condition 

 serviceable as manure." 



Pastures act a most important part in return- 

 ing to the soil a supply of nitrogen in place of 

 that taken away in tbe bay nnd grain. In large 

 farms, where each field in rotation is in grazing, 

 the nitrogen is completely replaced, and where 

 the manures made on a farm are carefully return- 

 ed to the 8oil,the quantity of this important ingre- 

 dient must increase every year. When the night 

 soil of cities shall be generally converted into 

 poudrette, as it now is in some places, no nitro- 

 gen of consequence will be lost, as the quanti- 

 ties used in the shape of corn and cattle will be 

 returned to the country and made available for 

 new crops and tbe feeding of new animals. The 

 following extract will show tbe loss farmers 

 sustain from not attending to these powerful 

 manures: 



" When it is considered that with every pound 

 of ammonia which evaproates, u loss of 60 pounds 

 of corn (grain) is sustained, and that with every 

 pound of urine a pound of wheat might be pro- 

 duced, tbe difference With which these liquid 

 excrements are regarded is quite incomprehen 

 sible. In most places only tbe solid excrements 

 impregnated with the liquid, are used, and the 

 <lwng iiills containing them are protected neither 

 from evaporation or from the rain. The solid 

 exer-ereients contain the insoluble, tbe liquid all 

 tbe eolnlile phosphates, and the latter contain 

 likewise all the potash which existed as organic 

 salts in the plants consumed by the animals."- 



Mechanical Trades. A good trade is worth 

 a thousand dollars to any young man. It is worth 

 more than money as an inheritance ; (or this 

 may fiiil ; that never will if be be industrious. 

 We think well of those institutions of learning, 

 where ihe tedium of study, is occasionally reliev- 

 ed by emplovments in some mechanical occu- 

 pations. These promote the health of body and 

 mind, and may give the student a trade, which 

 in the event of his not being able to acquire a 

 living by bis wits, will still enable him to derive 

 a sure support from profitable labor. 



How TO Save in Littli: Matters.— Procure 

 a book and keep an exact account of all your ex- 

 penditures. At the expiration of three months, 

 review, the account, and see how much you have 

 expended in fourpenny and ninepenny items 

 which you could have done without as well as 

 not. Tlien see to it that each ensuing quarter 

 shall be minus just those things. In many cases 

 the aggregate will be found more considerable 

 than you would be aivare of, unless you keep 

 such an account. 



Western Farming. 



Land at $1,35 per acre ; rails tor fencing at .S9 

 per hundred: soil as fertile as the banks of the 

 Nile; a log house which it is four days' work to 

 build ; hay i;i)Ough to be had for the mowing ; no 

 barns required for housing cattle in winter; corn 

 and wheat, |)otatoes and all manner of vegetables 

 come in profusion where one ploughs and plants 

 — such are some of the recommendations of the 

 far and fair famed West. But — a but must come 

 in here too— hut there is a tough sward, which 

 can be broken through only by the use of a shai-p 

 plough, with four yoke of oxen ; and in that land 

 of luxuriance, n murmur rises to the lips because 

 the surface of the ground has a sod. There the 

 cattle and the ho^s are " tall jumpers," and do 

 not always pay proper heed to an eight rail 

 fence ; there the marks of " meum and tvum" 

 (yours and mine,) are not always regarded, for 

 the swine which belonged to me in the spring, 

 and which fed in common on Uncle Sam's pas- 

 ture, find tbeir way in autumn into a neighbor's 

 pork bun-el ; but should they happen to find 



their way home, tbey are worth, if fat, two cents 

 per pound. 



in the West, many a man with small means, 

 may do vastly better for himself and family, in a 

 pecuniary view, than he can on the rocky and 

 sterile lands of the East. But the social, moral, 

 literary and religious privileges are there much 

 less : industry and its attendant virtues are less. 

 Consequently every man who is in comfortable 

 circumstances here, must forego many enjoy- 

 ments when he takes up his abode on the rich 

 rolling lands between tbe lakes and the grand 

 river of the West. There are some among us 

 who would do well to emigrate ; — there are n 

 who will do better to be contented here. 



An anecdote tells the folly of grasping for 

 more land than can be improved. An emigrant 

 from the South, " squatted" in Indiana, and find- 

 ing tbe lands around him rich and beautiful, be 

 must have section after section, until bis funds 

 were all exhausted ; little money was left with 

 him to make improvements or to stock the lands. 

 Soon a shrewd Yankee " squatted" by him, hav- 

 ing purchased only 80 acres. The Southron ad- 

 vised his neighbor to purchase more land — but 

 no. Soon the Yankee was missing. After a few 

 weeks be came back with a drove of stock, pur- 

 chasud in Arkansas ; these he pastured on the 

 Southron's lands and the Government's — and 

 soon, by the sale of cattle, grew rich enough to 

 buy and sell bis neighbor, with the thousands of 

 unstocked acres. A good lesson, our informant 

 says, the story was to him ; and good instruction 

 may be deduced from it by many another who 

 shall go to that tar olF region. — A'. Y. Farmer. 



" Children, Come to Prayer." 



'•OCOME LET US WORSHIP AND BOW DOWN; LET US 

 KNEEL BEFORE OUR MaKLR." 



The following beautiful lines were published in the Un- 

 ion Annual, under the bead of " The Family Altar." 



Come to the place of prayeif ! 

 Parents and children, come and kneel before 

 Your God, and with united hearts adore 



Him whose alone j'our life and being are. 



raise, 



With one consent, the grateful song of praise, 

 To Him who blessed you with a lot so fair ! 



Who — who hath raised you from the dream of night ? 

 Whose hand hath poured arbund the cheering Myhl ? 



Come and adore that kind and heavenly power! 



Come at the close of day ! 

 Ere wearied nature sinks in gentle rest; 

 Come, and let your sins be here confessed ; 



Come, and for his protecting mercy pray. 



Has sorrow's withering blight 

 Your dearest hopes iu desolation laid, 

 And tiie once cheerful home in gloom arrayed ? 



Yet pray, for He can turn the gloom to light. 



Has sickness entered in 

 Y'our peaceful mansion ? then let prayer ascend 

 On wings of faith, to that all-gracious Friend, 



Who came to heal the bitter pangs of am. 



Come to the place of prayer ! 

 At niorn, at night — in gladness or in grief — 

 Surround the throne of grace ; there seek relief. 



Or pay your free and grateful homage there. 



So in the world above 

 Parents and children may meet at last, 

 When this your weary pilgrimage is past, 



To mingle their joyful notes of love. 



delivered lately before the American Institute of 

 New York. This address, like all the produc- 

 tions from the same mind on the subject of Ag- 

 riculture, presents matter highly animating and 

 interesting to the farmer, some of which, in due 

 time, we shall take occasion to use. 



Cure for Chilblains. — Mr. Editor. — I have 

 tried nearly thirty different recipes to cure chil- 

 blains : tbe best remedy I have tried is to soak 

 the feet a i'ew minutes, morning and evening, in 

 a cold strong brine made from pure salt andvva- 

 ter. If this remedy is applied in season the 

 chilblains will not ulcerate. 



Those who cannot bear cold water or cold brine 

 are recommended to soak their feet in weak lye, 

 that is lukewarm, 10 or 15 minutes. X. Y. 



Remedy for Sciatica. — Apply soft soap to 

 the part affected. The soap may be weakened 

 a little and applied on a cloth like a poultice. 



N. B. VVe have the name of tbe gentleman 

 who furnished us with the above recipes and have 

 much confidence in their value. The name may 

 be seen at our office. — Ed, Ploughman, 



BRIGHTON MARKET.— Monday, Nov. 22, 1841. 

 [Reported for the New England Farmer.] 



At market 873 Beef Cattle, 500 Stores, 65U0 Sheep, 

 and .125 Swine. 



Prices — Beef Cattle — Last week's prices were fully 

 sustained. VVe quote first quality gd 75 a g6 ; seconil 

 quality g4 75 a §5 30 ; third quality j?3 25 a S4 30. 



BarreUing Cattle— Mess gl 38 ; No. 1, g3 25; No. 2, 



'stores— Two year old $1 a 15. Three year old, gU 



, 2-t. 



and 



lots 



THE MARKETS. 



From the Boston Courier, Nov. 30. 

 CqffVc— Sales of 800 a 1000 bags St. Domingo, i 

 " ■ -c per lb. ; Rio, 10 a lOJc ; 200 bags Porto Cabel- 

 lO^c ; ISO do Java, I2c per lb, G mos. 

 Cotton. — \ few small parcels Uplands were taken at 10 

 a roic : 150 bales Florida, 9% a 10c ; and 200 do New Or- 

 leans, 104 a 1 IJc per lb, G mos cr. 



Ftour. — The market has been very dull throughout the 

 week, with large additional arrivals, and prices of Gene- 

 see are about f of a dollar below the last weekly report; 

 Southern commands previous prices. Sales of 200 brls 

 Baltimore City mills JjtG 62, 4 mos, for export; 200 do 

 Philadelphia gC 50 cash. 



Grain. — The arrivals since rur last weekly report have 

 been large, and prices at the close fell off, for corn 1 a 2o 

 per bushel. 



Corn, Northern, bush 72 a 73 



do Southern flat yellow, 70 a 71 



Barley, fi5 a (13 



Rye, Northern, 73 a 75 



Oats, Southern, '18 a 51 



do Northern, 52 a 51 



Beans, per bush. 75 a 1 50 



Hides.— There is an import of 12,000 Buenos Ayres 



since the last report, of which 6000 have been taken for 



New York at 16c per lb, 6 mos ; 20 bales Calcutta Cow 



sold within the quoted rates ; 20 do do Buft'alo green sold 



at 12ic per lb, 6 mos cr. 



Hops. — Sales by growers range 13 a 14, and second 



I5c 



Wc Iiave the dflh number of Mr. Oilman's 

 "Farm Architecture" with the diagrams, ex- 

 hibiting the true economy of llie Barn, and fur- 

 nishing the outline of an iiiipiovement of that 

 necessary building to the farmer,which improve- 

 ment in an extensive establishment will be worth 

 more than tbe interest upon the whole cost. If 

 we can procure the engravings this essay will be 

 presented in the next number of the Visitor. 



From our old friend, Judge Niles, late Post 

 Master General, we have received a copy of his 

 Address before the Agricultural Society of Hart- 

 ford County, Ct., Oct. 8, 1841. It is characterized 

 by the sound, practical good sense of the author, 

 who is a liirmer as well as a politician. From 

 this address we intend to make future extracts. 



We are bound to acknowledge the repeated fa- 

 vors of the Rev. Henry Colman, late Commis- 

 er for the Agricultural Survey of Massachn- 

 settB. who has presented us with a copy of his 

 Address on the Agriculture of the United States, 



Molasses.- 

 16|c; 100 di 

 per gal, 6 mos. 



ProvUions. — The market has sustained an improve- 

 ment, since the last report, of nearly 50c perbrl,on ac- 

 count of the light droves of beef cattle.and increased de- 

 mand experienced liy barreJlers. Clear Pork is also in bet- 

 ter request, and commands somewhat higher prices ; sales 

 400 kegs Lard 7c per lb, 4 mos. 



Beet, mess. 4 mo. new brl 9 50 a 10 00 



Pork, extra clear, 4 mo. brl 13 00 a 



Sugar.— The transactions of the week have been chiefly 

 ) supply the retnil demand, which of late has been quite 

 mited ; good and prime box Sugars are scarce, and the 

 tter description is much wanted. Sales of low and mid- 

 dling gradrs at 6J a 7c. and good 7| a 7^0 per lb, 6 mos cr ; 

 100 do white do, 91 a ll^c per lb, 6 mos cr. 



Wool. — The demand is not large, and there is a fair sup- 

 ply of most descriptions. Prime or Saxony Fie 



American full blood, 

 do 3-4 

 do 1-2 



ashed 1 

 do 



43 



50 



42 



