1847. 



GENESEE FARMER. 



157 



on the defects of our cheese by English dealers 

 may be worth copying. Mr. C. says : 



'■ In conversation with one of the largest wholesale cheese- 

 mongers and provision dealers in the country, he suggested 

 tliat there were two great faults of the American cheese, 

 which somewhat prejudiced its sale in tiie English markets. 

 He is a person in whose character and experience entire 

 confidence may be placed. 



He was pleased to say that he had /.ad cheeses from the 

 United States as good as any he had ever seen, and that the 

 general character of the article was greatly improved since 

 the first importations. 



But the first fault was the softness of tlie rind. It often 

 cracked, and the cheese became spoiled from that circum- 

 stance. This he considered as owing to the cheese being 

 too rich ; if so, it is a fault which may be remedied. The 

 English cheeses soon acquire a great firmness ; and I have 

 given above the opinion of an English dairy-woman as to 

 how this is afi'ected. 1 think proper, however, to add the 

 directions of a most experienced and successful dairy farmer 

 in respect to this matter. He says that the rind may be 

 made of any desired hardness, if the cheese be taken from 

 the press, and allowed to remain in brine so strong that it 

 will take up no more salt, for four or five hours. There 

 must be great care, however, not to keep it too long in the 

 brine. 



The second fault is the acridness, or peculiarly smart bit- 

 ter taste often found in American cheeses. He thought this 

 might be duo, in part, to some improper preparation or use 

 of the rennet, and, in part, to some kind of feed whicli tlie 

 cows found in the pastures. Both these matters are well 

 worthy of investigation, and that alone can determine. 



He was of opinion, likewise, that American cheese would 

 sell better if it were colored like the English cheese. The 

 market for it was fast becoming most extensive. 



In respect to American butter, he considered that which 

 usually came here as a most inferior article. (Much of it, 

 I believe, is used, in the manufacturing districts, solely for 

 greasing machinery. ) Salt butter, or butter strongly salted, 

 is not saleable in the English market ; and especially the 

 salt must not appear. I cannot doubt, however, that pres- 

 ently some of our best June or September butter, put up in 

 lumps, would find a good market here, — if, in truth, we have 

 any to export. The very best fresh butter in London mar- 

 ket, however, does not bring so high a price as I have often 

 paid for the best article from the county of Worcester, in 

 Boston market ; and I have frequently know n the best but- 

 ter to be sold in Baltimore, and even in Cincinnati market, 

 for Haifa dollar, a little more than two shillings sterling per 

 pound. 



I have seen in England none of the admirable spring- 

 houses which are to be found in Pennsylvania." 



Meat. — Those of our readers that have the 

 means to make a few fat pigs, sheep, steers, or 

 heifers early this season may reasonably expect 

 a good price for the same. We have to pay 9 

 cents a pound for beef steak, 8 for veal and pork, 

 and 6 for mutton in this market. Those that get 

 their pork first in the market will receive the 

 largest price. 



The demand for meat to go to England will 

 be large, and keep prices above the average in 

 this country. The making of beef, pork, or 

 mutton will be more profitable hereafter, than it 

 has been for many years past. The business is 

 deserving of careful study in all its details. — 

 Good beef and mutton were worth at the last ad- 

 vices from London 9d. or 18 cents a pound and 

 duty free. With good rail-roads to the sea-board, 

 carrying domestic animals without tolls to the 

 State, and a pleanty of ice to pack meat in, it 

 can be sent fresh to England at least nine months 

 in a year from the United States. The subject 

 is a matter of great importance to our readers, 

 and we commend it to their earnest attention. 



Making Hay. 



The time to cut grass for making hay is just 

 when the seed begins to form. At this period 

 the stems and leaves of all the grasses contain, 

 their maximum of nutritive matter. Delay cut- 

 ting till the seed is ripe, and all the sugar and 

 most of the starch and nitrogenous elements in 

 the stems, or sirato of timothy and other plants 

 mown for hay, have been consumed in forming 



rms for the next generation, and providing 

 them with food. As the chick in a new laid egg 



ust have all the ingredients within the shell 

 necessary to elaborate its bones, organs of respi- 

 ration and digestion, its brain, flesh, and feathers, 

 so the embryo plant must have within the shell 

 of its seed every element required to form its 

 woody fibre, nitrogenous tissue, circulating tubes, 

 root, stem, and leaves, before it can begin to live 

 on the external food that exists in the soil and at- 

 mosphere. The organization of seeds in the ear 

 of corn, wheat, timothy, clover, or peas, has a 

 very exhausting effect on the stems and leaves of 

 those plants. 



Grass should never be cut when the dew is on, 

 or when it rains, if it can be well avoided. — 

 Much judgment can be exercised in curing hay 

 evenly, and neither too much nor too little. — 

 Every farmer has his own notion when hay is 

 eady to go into the barn or stack ; and is gov- 

 erned more or less by circumstances. A little 

 salt spread over the mow as the hay is deposited 

 will be of essential service. 



Scab in Sheep. 



A CORRESPONDENT asks US to inform him what 

 treatment he must adopt to remove the disease 

 called "scab," which affects a number of his 

 sheep. First separate the well ones from those 

 that have the disease, that it may extend no far- 

 ther. Then wash the surface affected by the 

 scab with a decoction made by boiling a pound of 

 plug tobacco in three gallons of water. Care 

 should be taken not to apply too much of this 

 poisonous infusion, for we have seen bad effects 

 froin its absorbtion through the skin of persons, 

 when applied for medicinal purposes. 



The pustules or sores on the bodies of sheep 

 contain animalcute called acan, which some sup- 

 pose to be the exclusive cause of the disease call- 

 ed scab. Whether this be true or not, a solution 

 of corrosive sublimate at the rate of a dram of 

 the salt to a quart of rain water can be used to 

 advantage to kill the parasites, and heal the sores. 

 Blue mercurial ointment is also a good remedy. 

 For further particulars see Morell's " Sheep 

 Husbandry" — a cheap and most valuable work, 

 which every man that keeps asCore of sheep will 

 make money to purchase at a dollar. 



Don't give your boys the worst tools, and then 

 scold because they cannot do as much as men. 



