230 



GENESEE FARMER. 



Oct. 



Benson''^ Ram. 



ving the outlet valve a 



ijger or shorter stroke, 



by which the number of 



strokes in a given time is 



] diminished or increased ; 



^ and in each individual case 



^-jT*^- there will be found to be a 



' " If^"' certain number of strokes, 



w\N-- \ that will cause the machine 



^'^^>; to raise the most water of 



which it is capable, without 



regard to the quantity it 



uses to produce this etfect; 



(Figure 5.) 

 pipe has spent its power, the superior height of|'^"t when it is desirable that the quantity of water 

 water in pipe P causes the water in pipe J to re- |"sed shall raise the most water possible, then the 

 coil, and a small portion to repass the valve, and j m^mher of strokes must be regulated to produce 



drive the water back in pipe J, though in a ri- j 

 sing position, continues to flow a short time af- \ 

 ter the air chamber valve has closed and opened, 

 and shut by the ordinary action of the machine. 

 Thus, when the flow of the water through D is 

 suddenly stopped by the valve E, a perfect va- 

 cuum is produced immediately below the air-cham- 

 ber, by the recoil of the water, at which instant 

 the small valve opens, and a portion of air en- 

 ters and supplies that which the water absorbs. 



Strode's Pneumaio Hydraulic Engine. — 

 Since the foregoing was written, I have received 

 the following description of an improvement on 

 the hydraulic ram. It is the invention of Mr. 

 Joseph C. Strode, of East Bradford, Chester co., 

 Penn. 



"I have as yet," says Mr. Strode, '■ made only 

 three different sized machines, excepting the 

 model which I left in the Patent oflice, which is 

 of glass, and a brass one of the same size, which 

 is now in the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia. 

 The latter is an operating model : its linear di- 

 mensions have a ratio to this cut, fig. 6, of 

 about 32 to 7. This model, under a head of 5i 

 feet, with a driving pipe about 15 feet long, § 

 inch calibre, forced through a \ inch pipe 1.8 

 lbs. of water, 40 feet high, in one minute, which 

 ■ is about 324 gallon*, or 10 2-7 barrels in 24 

 hours. The three sizes above mentioned have 

 a ratio to the aforesaid model of 3, 2i, and 2, in 

 their linear dimensions. The largest of these 

 is calculated to work v.ith a 2 inch driving pipe, 

 but will work very well with 1 i inch. These 

 machines will work under all heads, where they 

 have yet been tried with driving pipes of vari- 

 ous lengths. I have not yet made a sufficient 

 number of experiments to' determine what the 

 length of driving pipes of given calibre, under 

 a given head, to force water to a given eleva- 

 tion, should be so as to produce a maximum per 

 ceutage, nor what the length should be to force 

 up a maximum amount, without regard to pei' 

 centage ; but I am well satisfied that they do not 

 exist contemporaneously. The quantity of w^a- 

 ter used, and of that forced up may be varied by 



this effect.' 



"I give you one solitary experiment that was 

 made with my largest machine, to produce the 

 former of these effects. It worked under a head 

 of 12 feet ; the driving pipe was \h inch calibre, 

 40 feet long. By using 13.5 pounds of water per 

 minute, 20 pounds, {which is 114 2-7 barrels in 

 24 hours,) were forced through a k inch pipe 60 

 feet high in the same time. The machine du- 

 ring this time made about 32 strokes, which was 

 the right number, with this length of driving 

 pipe and the attending circumstances, to force 

 up the most water, without economising the wa- 

 ter used. It is altogether likely, as the length 

 of this pipe was taken at hazard, that some other 

 length, in the same situation vvould have forced 

 up more in its maximum operation. You will 

 perceive that the above experiment gives for the 

 machine a little above 74 per cent. By increas- 

 ing the number of strokes to 40, about 75 per 

 cent was obtained; but the quantity raised was 

 diminished a little, and the quantity used was di- 

 minished in a little greater ratio." 



The following specification is taken from tlie 

 Journal of the Franklin Institute : 



'"The nature of my invention and improve- 

 ment consists in making use of a column of con- 

 densed air between the propelling fluid and the 

 fluid that is to be raised ; said air being condens- 

 ed in a pyramidal channbcr, by means of the 

 momentum of a descending column of water — 

 the chamber having a communication, by a small 

 opening at its top, with another chamber, into 

 which the spring water or fluid to be raised is 

 introduced, called the spring water chambers, 

 and upon which the condensed air in the fii'st 

 named chamber is made to act, causing said fluid 

 to rise through a tube placed in the spring water 

 chamber, (open at its lower end, and closed al- 

 ternately at its upper end, by means of a valve,) 

 into a large air vessel or receiver, of the usual 

 form and construction, being conducted thence 

 to its place of destination by pipes, or hose, in 

 the usual manner. 



Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section. Fig. 7 is a 

 transverse section. Fig. 8 is a perspective view. 



