1848. 



GENESEE FARMER. 



13 



a Muzzle. 

 '■i Race. 



3 Forehead. 



4 Poll. 



5 Crest. 



6 Jowl. 



7 Gullet. 



S Windpipe. 



9 Point of SholdV, 

 iO Breast or Bosom, 

 U Arm. 



12 Elbow. 



13 Firth. 



14 Fknk. 



15 Sheath. 



16 Stifles. 



17 Withers. 



18 Back. 



19 Loins. 



20 Hip. 



21 Croup. 



22 Dock. 



23 Quarter. 



24 Thigh or Gaskin. 



25 Hamstring. 



26 Joint of Hock. 



27 Ham or Hock. 



28 Common. 



29 Fetlock. 



30 Large Pastern. 



31 Small Pastern. 



32 Coronet. 



33 Hoof. 



34 Knee. 



35 Common. 



36 Fetlock. 



37 Heel. 



38 Large Pastern. 



39 Small Pastern. 



40 Hoof. ■ 



(Fig. 1.) ENGLISH CART-HORSE. 

 TERMS DENOTING THE EXTERNAL PARTS OF THE HORSE, 



The above engraving represents an English 

 Cart-horse, to which the highest prize of the 

 Royal Agricultural Society was awarded. These 

 horses are of a large size, distinguished for 

 strength and endurance, and well adapted to 

 slow, heavy draught. 



The author of "Domestic Animals," (a new 

 work noticed elsewhere in this number,) says : 

 "The English Cart-horse has for a long time 

 made up some of the best, heavy horses in this 

 country, and late importations have refreshed 

 the breed with additional choice specimens. 

 The Cleveland hay has been introduced of late, 

 and promises good carriage-horses from our 

 well-spread, sizeable mares. The Norfolk trot- 

 ter Belfoimder was imported many years since, 

 and with our high-bred mares, has produced 

 many choice roadsters and trotters." 



The terms denoting the external parts of the 

 horse will be useful to many of our readers, and 

 particularly interesting to young persons who 

 are not familiar with the subject. 



The Eespectability of Agriculture. 



An elegant writer on the rural industry of 

 Holland, in the last Edinburgh Review, says in 

 relation to agriculture, "That the errors of prac- 

 tice are corrected, and causes of failure of crops 

 made clear by the discoveries of modern chemis- 

 try. That by it alone the rocks and shoals that 

 lie in the way of agricultural improvement are 

 mapped out; deeper and more direct channels 

 brought to light, and new methods suggested, by 

 which not only are known ends to be attained, 

 more completely and more economically than 



before, but objects also realized, which have 

 hitherto been considered unattainable. 



" The doctrine, economy, composition, prepa- 

 ration, and skilful use of manures — how wonder- 

 fully have all these points been illustrated and 

 developed in late years ! What the plant con- 

 sists of— how and with what substances it is fed — 

 what the soil naturally contains— how it is to be 

 improved, so that what is present in it may be 

 made readily available to the plant, and what it 

 lacks be in the best way supplied — where the 

 kinds of food necessary to the plants are to be 

 obtained most abundantly, and how applied most 

 profitably to the soil — what effects climate, situ- 

 ation, and tillage exercise upon the fertility of 

 the land, and upon the fertilizing virtues of what- 

 ever is laid upon or mixed with it. These, and 

 hundreds of similar questions, all involving or 

 suggesting peculiar modes of practice, are arising 

 daily, where culture is prosecuted as an advan- 

 cing art— and they are solved especially by chem- 

 ical research. They are all included, therefore, 

 under what we term the chemical division of 

 agriculture. 



" Let a farmer avail himself of this knowledge, 

 and he is unconsciously raised into the intelli- 

 gent cultivator of a most interesting branch of 

 natural science." 



A knowledge of chemistry sufficient to enable 

 a farmer to work understandingly in Nature's 

 laboratory, his own farm, requires only that he 

 should study the nature of about thirteen sub- 

 stances. 



W. 



The celebrated chestnut on Mt. ^tna is 163 

 feet in circumference, but evidently has 5 trunks 



