240 



GENESEE FARMER. 



Oct. 



city or village and take back on to your farnn 

 what will pay the debt you owe it. There are 

 many soils in which an ounce of the voided ele- 

 ments of wheat, or corn, perfectly dry, will give 

 a gain of a pound of dry corn at the harvest, if 

 skilfully applied. By greatly extending the 

 roots of a plant at a proper season, it is able to 

 draw a much larger quantity of nourishment 

 from any given soil, in addition to all that the 

 fertilizer yields to ii. 



An exhausted horse may be within twenty 

 miles of a I'ich pasture, which one good feed of 

 oats will enable him to reach. So there may 

 be food for the hungry corn plant ju?t beyond 

 where its roots extend ; and a little of the matter 

 stored up in the kernels of corn to feed the 

 germs when they begin to giow, if taken from 

 the pig sty or the privy and brought into contact 

 with the roots, will cause them to grow mio fresh 

 pasture. It is the elements of the plant in this 

 fresh pasture, not really the manure, that double 

 the harvest. 



The way that a pound of guano or rich night 

 soil operates to produce sixteen pounds of grain, 

 is what we want all young farmers to study. 

 When they do this experimentally, they will see 

 that all soils possess far more of the things neces- 

 sary to feed and clothe mankind than is generally 

 supposed. It is not necessary in the economy 

 of a bountiful Providence to give the earth a 

 pound in order to get a like weight back again 

 without detriment to the soil. 



Prepare for Winter. 



Cold winter is not far off, and prudent men 

 will see to it that their houses, barns, sheds and 

 other buildings, are well prepared for the sever- 

 ity of the season. Economy and comfort alike 

 demand the exclusion of biting frost from the 

 habitation of man, and the due protection of his 

 domestic animals in winter. A warm, comfort- 

 able house, a good wood-shed well filled with 

 seasoned fuel, a cellar frost proof, and stored with 

 garden vegetables, choice winter apples, meat, 

 butter and lard, are things to be thought of in 

 October. Take care of corn stalks, straw, 

 pumpkins, potatoes, and every other article of 

 food for man or beast. 



In making pork, remember that two bushels 

 of corn well cooked are equal to three fed in the 

 usual way. If you use boiled apples, potatoes, 

 pumpkins or carrots, add peas, oats, barley, 

 rye or corn, at least in small quantity, to the 

 mass, to strengthen and give body to the food. 



Be careful to save all the liquid as well as solid 

 manure of your fatting swine. Dry swamp 

 muck is excellent for this purpose ; whilst the 

 urine will soon heat and rot the muck, and the 

 whole become good food for any orop. 



Turn up a little of the subsoil at your fall 



plowing, to be disentegrated by the freezing 

 and thawing of winter. Frost is a charming 

 mellower of compact lumps and hard pan. 



Take unusual pains to save, during the coming 

 winter, all the fertilizing elements voided by you'- 

 cattle, sheep, horses and poultry^ and see how- 

 much rirst rate manure you can make to feed 

 your crops on next season. To prevent loss by 

 leaching, and evaporation by solar heat and dry- 

 ing winds, it is good economy to have manure 

 under shelter and covered with swamp muck 

 and a little gypsum. 



Apples and potatoes headed up in full, air- 

 tight casks, are infinitely less liable to rot than 

 when exposed to the action of the oxygen of the 

 atmosphere. It will pay to build air-tight pits, 

 which will hold 1000 bushels of apples or pota- 

 toes, for the purpose of storing these and other 

 perishable commodities. We claim to have made 

 valuable improvements, by our researches down 

 South, in the matter of preserving peaches, 

 grapes and all organized substances from decom- 

 position. This is by a new chemical process, of 

 which our readers will hear more hereafter. — 

 The apple trade of New York is destined to be- 

 come one of its most important agricultural in- 

 terests. An acre of land fully and skilfully cul- 

 tivated in this fruit, will yield a large amount of 

 wholesome food, at a small expense. Study the 

 subject closely, and you will see that we are not 

 mistaken in what we say. What an acre of land 

 can be made to produce in apples, and through 

 these in good flesh, makes the crop a valuable 

 one. Dig up the grass, leave the turf to rot, and 

 put lime and leached ashes about your apple 

 trees. Gather both mineral and organic fertili- 

 zers from all sources within your reach; — and 

 don't be offended at a word of caution not to run 

 into debt on the uncertainty of next year's har- 

 vests and prices. 



Quantity of Manure Produced by differ- 

 ent Crops. — [t has been calculated by an emi- 

 nent Scotch Agriculturist, that the farm-yard 

 manure produced per acre by the several crops, 

 is nearly as follows, from land producing 29 

 bushels of wheat : 



Tons. 

 By turneps, cabbages, and fallow crops, when ap- 

 plied to the feeding of cattle 6 



Clover, grass, and herbage, &c., the first year,. 6 



Ditto, of mowed, second year, 5| 



Pulse crops, as beans, >ltc., part of the seed being 



used on the farm, 5 



Pul.-^e crops, when the seed is good, 5 



White or corn crops— wheat, barley, &c., on the 

 average of the wliole, 4 



It is no wonder, therefore, observes this wri- 

 ter, "that green crops should be recommended 

 as sources of fertility, producing proportionably 

 much more manure, besides the other advanta- 

 ges wherewith they are attended." The quan- 

 tity might be \ery much increased by supplying 

 the cattle yard with such rough vegetable sub- 

 stances, as by care and industry can be collected. 



