m 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



*/iBr, 



of their experience to others, they would confer a 

 great benefit upoa»the fruit-growing community, 

 and save naany a tyro in this branch of business, 

 from the disappointment and vexation which the 

 failure of v/ell recommended fruit seldom fails to 

 occasion. 



There are f)ur qualifications which we consider 

 essential in a first rate fruit. 

 Ist, it should be of good size. 

 2nd, o^ g9od (jua/ily. 

 3d, it should 1)6 /landsome. 



4tli, it should have firmness and consistency 

 enough in its texture to hear transportation with- 

 out material injury from I)ruising. 



The Baldwin and Ilubbardston Nonsuch, are 

 good examples of this latter quality, Tlie tree 

 should be a free and healthy grower, and, withal, 

 an abundant bearer. A deficiency in cmy one of 

 these qualifications, is a material drawback upon 

 Jts value as a market fruit. With regard to 

 color, we think (as a general rule), a red or 

 striped fruit most desirable for the market, as 

 being more showy and per consequence, like many 

 other commodities, 'more saleable. We do not 

 think a very large apple, is a desideratum. 



Perhaps the Huf/bardston Nonsuch is the ne 

 plus ultra, in this respect. Dirge apples arc more 

 liiible to fall from the tree before they are fully 

 matured, and it is seldom the case that such va- 

 rieties produce well. As there are but very few 

 Yarieties, especially of winter apples, that are 

 No. 1. in all the particulars we have specified, we 

 think our country agricultural societies would do 

 well to offer liberal premiums, with special refer- 

 ence to the discovery and propagation of new and 

 desirable seedling varieties of fruit, particularly of 

 winter apples. The time may come when our 

 most valued varieties will foil us. 



Yours respectfully, W. D. Tuttle. 



Acton, Mass. 



What Guano is made of, — As guano is getting 

 to be one of the vexed o^uestions of the day, the 

 following analysis of outer Lobos Guano, recently 

 made in London, has an interest, particularly to 

 the agriculturist : 



Salt of Ammonia ». .7i parts. 



Animal orKinic matter. '. Sj do. 



Pulphfite of Muriiite of Potash and Soda \2k do. 



Phosjihate of Lime and M.ignesia .52 do. 



Sand 18 do. 



Water moisture H^ do. 



LJebig says that one pound of guano imported 

 Into a country, is equal in value to eight pounds 

 of wheat, or twelve and a half cents. It v/as sta- 

 ted a day or two since, that ten tons of guano at 

 $30 per ton, was worth to the farmer $G00 net 

 profit. 



For the New England Farmer. 

 GREAT YIELD. 



Mr. B. W. Kingsbury, of this place, raised the 

 past season, from three seeds of the citron melon, 

 seven hundred and ninety-four pounds of melons ; 

 the largest weigiii«<g twenty-three pounds, and 

 quite a number of them weighing twenty each. 

 These vines came up accidentally and received no 

 extra manure or care. J. H. & Son. 



Newton Centre, Nov. 24:th, 1852. 



Remarks. — That boats California taters, pump- 

 kins and perhaps melons. Pro-di-gious ! 



UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL SO- 

 OZBTY. 



It is an old saying, not without foundation in 

 truth, that Providence helps those who help them- 

 selves. Ever since the foundation of this govern- 

 ment, the leading minds in the country, engaged 

 in other pursuits than those of agriculture, have 

 appreciated the importance of systematic efforts 

 for its advancement, and especially of aid in some 

 form by Congress. Nearly every President, in- 

 cluding Washington, has made recommendations 

 to this effect in his messages, bat as yet nothing 

 worth naming has been effected. 



The reason is not difficult to find, and it is this ; 

 that the farmer himself has taken no interest ia 

 the matter, and on the theory o-f our text, has de- 

 served no help from the "powers that be." 



At last, however, we have the beginning of bet- 

 ter things. A National Agricultural Convention,, 

 called, at the suggestion of the Massachusetts- 

 Board of Agriculture, was held in Washfngtoia 

 last June, and The United Slates Agricultural Sa^ 

 ciety was formally established. Hon. MARsnALi» 

 P. Wilder, the man of all the world who best de- 

 served the honor, was elected President. A Vice 

 President was chosen for each State and territory^ 

 and an executive committee of five members, a 

 corresponding secretary, recording secretary, and 

 treasurer for the society. 



A Board of Agricnltiire is provided for by the 

 Constitution of the Society, the duties of which 

 are thus prescribed. 



BOARD or AGRICITLTURE. 



"It shall be the duty of this Board to watch 

 the interests of Agriculture as they are or may be 

 affected by the legislation of the country ; to make 

 such reports, memorials and recommendations, as 

 may advance the cause of agriculture, promote and 

 diffuse agrieultui-al knowledge, to examine, and 

 when necessary, report upon the practicability of 

 establishing agricultural schools, colleges and mod- 

 el farms, to set forth the advantages of agricul- 

 tural and geographical surveys, and to show the 

 importance of science to agriculture ; to represent, 

 through their report, the relation of American Ag- 

 riculture, to that of foreign countries, and endeav- 

 or to obtain information from such countries ; to 

 point out the advantages of introducing any new 

 staples, seeds and plants, and obtain, as far as 

 practicable, annual statistical returns of the con- 

 dition of agriculture throughout the different 

 States, all which information shall "be published 

 by the Society and form part of its transactions." 



Some discussion was had as to the mode in 

 which it was expedient that government aid should 

 be rendered to the cause. Objections were made 

 to the establishment of a Department or Bureau 

 of Agriculture, by Government, on the ground 

 that it was not constitutional, and that it would, 

 if established, be liable to the political changeable- 

 ness of all political things, and become a party af- 

 fair. Without quarrelling, prematurely, howev- 



