104 THE HORSE, ASS, AND MULE 



two mares Lily 572 and Snowdrop 607 in the same year. In 

 1856 Jordan and Martin of Woodstock, Ohio, imported the stal- 

 lion Rollin 418, that proved a good sire. Like Louis Napoleon, 

 Rollin was sold into Illinois, where he was in service six years. 

 Numerous importations followed. In 1868 W. T. Walters of 

 Baltimore, Maryland, brought over 7 mares and 4 stallions, he 

 being the first person to establish an important breeding stud in 

 America. Mr. Walters had lived in France and had studied the 

 breed there, and so was able to buy to advantage. In 1870 

 M. W. Dunham of Wayne, Illinois, and in 1874 William Sing- 

 master of Keota, Iowa, began breeding and importing. They both 

 became famous Percheron authorities, and the studs founded by 

 them are still in existence. Besides these the Stubblefields of 

 Bloomington, Ellis Dillon of Normal, Ezra Stetson of Neponset, 

 Illinois, and the Fullingtons of Ohio were early breeders and im- 

 porters. According to Sanders and Dinsmore 90 stallions were 

 imported to America between 1839 and 1870, of which 42 went 

 to Ohio, 24 to Illinois, 10 to Pennsylvania, and 5 to Maryland, 

 with 2 each going to Massachusetts, Virginia, Missouri, and New 

 Jersey, and I to Kansas. 



The characteristics of the Percheron horse are such as are 

 sought in a model draft horse. The head is distinguished for 

 its bold, prominent eye, wide, full forehead, straight face, and 

 strong jaws. The ears are usually of medium size, refined, and 

 attractively set and carried. The neck as a rule has a slight arch 

 and is smoothly blended at the body and neatly attached to the 

 head. The body of the Percheron is characteristically compact 

 and blocky of form, full in the chest, and broad of back. Horses 

 of the breed, however, often have steep, rather short croups, with 

 the tail set too low. In recent years, however, much attention 

 has been given to remedying this defect, with the result that 

 present-day exhibitions show many Percherons with excellent 

 croups. In depth and fullness of body there is also a lack. The 

 legs of the Percheron incline to be short, and the bone is usually 

 superior, but the cannons not infrequently lack in depth and flat- 

 ness, while a full, or puffed, hock is more common than it should 

 be. This breed has legs free of long hair, such as is strikingly 

 seen in Shire and Clydesdale. The feet are generally of good 



