THE POLLED SHORTHORN 249 



Mr. J. H. Miller of Indiana early became a celebrated breeder of 

 Polled Durhams and in 1893, with some others, made at the 

 World's Columbian Exposition the first notable exhibit of this 

 breed. Mr. Miller's bull Young Hamilton 114169, a pure Short- 

 horn and the Columbian Exposition Polled Durham sweepstakes 

 male, rendered valuable pioneer service in his herd. 



The important requirements for registering Polled Shorthorn 

 cattle, as originally adopted by the American Polled Durham 

 Association, were as follows : (i) they must have true polled 

 heads ; (2) they must have the color and characteristic markings 

 of the Shorthorn ; (3) they must have not less than 87^- per cent 

 of Shorthorn blood in 1893, at least 93| per cent after 1896, and 

 fully 96 J per cent after 1899. Volume III of the "American 

 Polled Durham Herdbook," published in 1905, contains the by- 

 laws of the American Polled Durham Association as adopted 

 April 29, 1902. Section X, which qualifies registration and 

 covers the old rule, is as follows : 



Animals to be eligible to entry in the " American Polled Durham Herdbook " 

 must be at least six months old ; must be naturally hornless ; must have 

 both parents recorded therein or have one parent recorded in the book and 

 the other parent recorded in the "American Shorthorn Herdbook" or other 

 generally accepted Shorthorn herdbook ; and further, must have an ancestry, 

 that are eligible, recorded in'the "American Polled Durham Herdbook/' 



The prepotency of the Polled Shorthorn is well maintained in 

 herds that are carefully selected and bred with the view of reduc- 

 ing the horn to a minimum. By the use of polled bulls of pre- 

 potent character mated to Shorthorn cows, polled females are 

 produced that become eligible to entry in the Polled herdbook, but 

 the progeny thus secured offers an element of uncertainty in the 

 reproduction of polled heads. 



The popularity of Polled Shorthorns, if one looks at the situation 

 frankly, is not great. In Ohio, where one might expect to find 

 Polled Shorthorns in considerable numbers, there are comparatively 

 few herds. They have seemed more in favor farther west, notably 

 in Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, and Nebraska. One reason why the 

 Polled Shorthorn is not in greater favor is due to the fact that 

 there have not been enough outstanding herds of beef type and 

 character to arouse enthusiasm among breeders of Shorthorns. 



