360 CATTLE 



The first of these importations was made in 1852, and consisted of a single 

 cow. The extraordinary good qualities possessed by that cow led in 1857 to 

 a further importation of a bull and two cows, and in 1859 to four more cows. 

 In consequence of a disease which occurred in 1859-1860, these cattle and all 

 their full blood descendants, with the single exception of a young bull, were de- 

 stroyed under a law of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and in the autumn 

 of 1 86 1 another importation of a bull and four cows was made from North Hol- 

 land. These animals, with their progeny, comprise the stock of cattle known 

 in this country as the " Chenery importation of Holstein or Dutch Cattle." 



Mr. Chenery states that the original animals were procured from 

 among the best breeders of the Beemster and Purmerend, in the 



FIG. 1 54. A scene in the cattle market at Leeuwarden, Holland. From photograph 



by the author 



province of North Holland. The next importation of cattle from 

 Holland was that of Gerrit S. Miller of Peterboro, New York, 

 in 1869, of a bull and three cows, purchased by his brother 

 Dudley, at Weener, East Friesland. This importation was most 

 important, for the three cows, Crown Princess 6, Dowager 7, and 

 Fraulein 9, proved to be unusually fine individuals and producers 

 and had a marked influence in establishing the breed in America. 

 Following the Miller importation, in the early seventies impor- 

 tation from Holland became active, and large numbers of cattle 

 were brought to America. Prominent among the importers late 

 in the nineteenth century were Smith and Powell, T. G. Yeomans, 



