WORK AND FOOD REQUIREMENT. 879 



the following taoles give the rations of soldiers in peace and in the field 

 and the average figures from the detailed data of various countries. 1 



A. Peace Ration. B. War Ration. 



Proteins. Fat. Carbohydrates. Proteins. Fat. Carbohydrates 



Minimum 108 22 504 126 38 484 



Maximum 165 97 731 197 95 688 



Mean 130 40 551 146 59 557 



The following figures for the daily ration are obtained from the above 

 averages : 



Proteins. Fat. Carbohydrates. Calories. 



In peace 130 40 551 2900 



In war 146 59 557 3250 



If we calculate the fat in its equivalent quantity of starch, then the 

 relation" of the proteins to the non-nitrogenous foods is: 



In peace 1:4.97 



In war 1:4.79 



The relation in both cases is nearly the same. Similar results are 

 obtained when we start with VOIT'S figures for a soldier in manceuver A 

 (hard work) and B (strenuous work) in war. 



Proteins. Fat. Carbohydrates. Calories. 



A 135 80 500 3013 



B 145 100 500 3218 



The relation here, when the fat is recalculated as starch, in both cases is 

 the same, or equal to 1 : 5 



If we calculate that portion of the total calories supplied which falls 

 to each group of the foodstuffs, it is found that 16-19 per cent comes 

 from the protein in rest as well as with medium and strenuous work. 

 For the fat and the carbohydrates the variations are greater; the chief 

 quantity of calories comes from the carbohydrates. Of the total calories 

 16-30 per cent comes from the fat and 50-60 per cent from the carbo- 

 hydrates. 



The importance of the food-demand for working individuals is shown 

 by the figures given on page 874 for a wood-chopper in Bavaria. A 

 need of more than 4000 calories occurs but seldom, and with very hard 

 work the demand may rise even to 7000 calories (ATWATER and BRYANT, 



JAFFA 2 ). 



As more work requires an increase in the absolute quantity of food, so 

 the quantity of food must be diminished when little work is performed. 



1 Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France, Italy, Russia, and the United States. It 

 is not known by the author whether these figures have been changed in the last few 

 years in the various countries, and hence whether they must be modified or not. 



2 See footnote 1, page 877. 



