132 



FERTILIZATION AND POLLINATION 



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210. Stamens of lark- 

 spur, surrounding 

 the pistils. 





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bee's tongue. The two smaller petals, in front, are differ- 

 ently colored and perhaps serve the bee in locating the 

 nectary. The stamens ensheath the pistils 

 (Fig. 210). As the insect stands on the 

 flower and thrusts his head into its center, 

 the envelopes are pushed downward and 

 outward and the pistil and stamens come 

 in contact with his abdomen. Since the 

 flower is pro- 

 terandrous, the 

 pollen which the 

 pistils receive 

 from the bee's 

 abdomen m u s t 

 come from an- 

 other flower. 

 Note a somewhat similar ar- 

 rangement in the toad -flax or 

 butter -and -eggs (Fig. 211). 



267. Many flowers are polli- 

 nated by the wind. They are said 

 to be anemophilous ( " wind- 

 loving"). Such flowers produce 

 great quantities of pollen, for 

 much of it is wasted . They usu- 

 ally have broad stigmas, which 

 expose large surface to the 

 wind. They are usually lacking 

 in gaudy colors and in perfume. 

 Grasses and pine trees are typi- 

 cal examples of anemophilous 

 plants. 



268. In many cases cross - pollination is insured 

 because the stamens and pistils are in different flowers 

 (diclinous, 257). When the staminate and pistillate 



211. 



Toad-flax is an entomophilous 

 flower. 



