300 



THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



often deeply lobed toward the base: acorn cups heavily fringed on the 

 margins : young branches corky. More common west. 



Q. Prinus, Linn. Chestnut oak. Fig. 443. Leaves rather long-obo- 

 vate, toothed, with rounded teeth and yellow-ribbed: acorn long and the cup 

 hard-scaled: bark dark with broad, deep furrows. Eastern. 



444. Quereus bicolor. 



445. Quereus rubra. 



446. Quereus eoccinea. 



Q. bicolor, Willd. Swamp white oak. Fig. 444. Leaves obovate, 

 white-downy on their lower surface, toothed with squarish teeth, the bases 

 wedge-shaped: acorn small, with the margin of the cup finely fringed. 

 Common in low grounds and along ravines. 



Q. virens, Ait. Live oak. Leaves small, oblong, entire or sometimes 

 spiny-toothed, thick and evergreen: acorn oblong, the nut about one-third 

 covered with its scaly cup. Virginia, south. 



aa. Blaek oak group, distinguished by its dark furrowed bark, pointed lobes 

 of the leaves, and the acorns maturing the second year. 



Q. rubra, Linn. Bed oak. Fig. 445. Leaves obovate or sometimes 

 shorter, the 7-9 lobes triangular and pointing toward the tips : acorn large, 

 flat-cupped. Common. 



Q. eoccinea, Wang. Scarlet oak. Fig. 44(5. Leaves obovate, bright 

 scarlet in autumn, thin, smooth on the lower surface, the sinuses deep, 



wide, and rounded : margin of the acorn cup 

 rounding inwards and the scales close : inner bark 

 reddish. Common. 



Q. tinctdria, Bartr. Black oak. Fig. 447. 

 Leaves obovate, coarser, downy on the lower 

 surface until midsummer or later, wider towards 

 the tip, the sinuses shallow (or sometimes as in 

 the scarlet oak): margin of the acorn cup not 

 rounding inwards and the scales looser: inner 

 bark orange. Common. 



447. Quereus tiuetoria. 

 4. BETULA. 



Birch. 



Small to medium-sized trees, with sterile flowers in drooping, cylindrical 

 catkins, 3 flowers with 4 short stamens being borne under each bract: fertile 

 flowers in short, mostly erect catkins which become cones at maturity, 2 or 3 

 naked flowers being borne under each 3-lobed bract: fruit winged and seed- 

 like: leaves simple, toothed or serrate: bark often aromatic. 



