ROSACEA SAXIFRAGACEJE 323 



5. ROSA. Rose. 



More or less thorny erect or climbing shrubs with pinnate wing-petioled 

 leaves, and flowers with ."> calyx-lobes and "> large rounded petals: pistils 

 many, becoming more or less hairy akenes which are inclosed in a hollow 

 torus (fruit becoming a hip. Fig. 265). Most of the garden roses are too 

 difficult for the beginner: they are much modified by the plant-breeder. 



R. Carolina, Linn. Swamp ros< . Tall, often as high as a man. the few 

 spines usually nearly or quite straight: stipules (petiole wings) long and 

 narrow: leaflets 5-9, narrow-oblong and acute, finely serrate: flowers rather 

 large, rose-color. Swamps. 



R. lucida, Ehrh. Usually low, with stoul hooked spines: stipules rather 

 broad: leaflets aboul 7. smooth and mostly shining above: flowers large, 

 rose-color. Moist places. 



R humilis, .Marsh. Three feel or less tall, with straight, slender spines : 

 stipules narrow: foliage usually less shining. Dry -nils. 



G. PYRUS. Peak. Apple. 



Small trees or shrubs with alternate leaves, and flowers in clusters In 

 spring: flowers 5-merous: ovaries usually 5, Immersed in the torn-, the 

 st\ h-s free. 



P. communis, Linn. Pear. Pigs. 63, 101, 102, 182, 266. Leaves ovate, 

 Arm and shining, smooth, close-toothed: trail tapering to the pedicel. 

 Europe. 



P. Malus, Linn'. Apple. Pigs. 67, 267, 268. Leaves ovate, soft, hairy 

 beneath, serrate: frail hollowed at the base when ripe. Europe. 



Will. SAXIFRAGACEJE. Saxifrage Family. 



Eerba or shrubs of various habit, with opposite or alternate 

 leaves thai usually do nol have Btipules: flowers with ovary mostly 

 inferior, 5-merous, the Btamena usually 10 or less (in a few oases 

 as many as 10): pistils L0 or less, either separate or the carpels 

 united, the fruit a follicle, capsule, <>r berry. A polj morphous family 

 comprising Bome 600 species in aboul 75 genera. Comprises saxifrage, 

 mitre-wort, hydrangea, mock orange, currant and gooseberry, 



\. Leaves opposite . . . I . Philadelphia 



.\\. Leaves alternate '-. Ribi 



I. PHILADfcLPHUS. Blocs Ohang* (from the flowers). Byrinqa. 



Shrubs with showy corymbose or paniculate white Howi*ro and opposite 

 simple leaves: petals I or 5: Btatnena l'o or more: ovai >culed, becom 



iiiL' a capsule. 



P. coron&riiiB, Linn. Tall shrub with erect branches : leav< oblong 



ovate ami mi th: flowi n cream white, fragrant, In 1 clu t< m, In late 



spring. Europe. 



