BRITISH FOREST TREES 237 



mcnts for testing; about 25,000 to 27,000 seeds without 

 wings are contained in one pound, the seeds being much 

 larger than those of the common pine. 



External dangers threaten it less than the Scots pine. It 

 is not liable to be damaged by frost, or to be thrown by 

 violent winds ; accumulations of snow and ice on its branches 

 do little harm on account of their great elasticity ; though 

 subject to attacks from the same insect enemies as the 

 Scots pine (vide page 61), it is generally less liable to them, 

 and much less seriously injured when befallen ; mice often 

 kill it by gnawing, and roe-deer are fond of the succulent 

 leading-shoots, but, protected by its branches and coarse 

 needles, roe and red-deer leave it comparatively unmolested 

 when rubbing the velvet from their antlers. 



It is richer than any other conifer in the production of 

 resin, and is worked chiefly for this from which the Venice 

 turpentine of commerce is made in many localities whence 

 timber transport to the nearest markets would be too costly 

 to be profitable, and where labour is scarce and insufficient. 



Its total energy in production of timber may be put at 

 about 20 per cent, lower than Scots pine ; according to 

 Feistmantel, its average yield under average circumstances 

 as to soil and situation, is 3,335 cubic feet per acre at sixty- 

 years of age, 4,495 cubic feet at eighty years, and 5,220 

 cubic feet at a hundred years ; it culminates in average 

 annual growth in height between the fortieth and sixtieth 

 years, and in average annual increment of timber between 

 the sixtieth and eightieth years. 1 



2. MARITIME PINE (PiNUS MARITIMA, Lam.), including also 

 the Pinaster or Cluster Pine (Pinns Pinaster, Ait.). This 

 species has attained celebrity owing to the success with which 

 its cultivation has been attended on the barren " Landes " of 



and Wilhchn, Die Rnninc nnd Stnmc/icr 

 seventh number for July, 1892, p. 153. 



