MAINTENANCE 145 



vailing strong winds from one direction, however, it should 'be set on the side oppo- 

 site. On curves and at corners a stub should be set on each side of the pole in line 

 with the line wire. Where any special strain exists, the largest post available should 

 be used. 



Wrappings consisting of No. 12 iron wire should be placed as indicated in Fig. 

 94. Each wrapping, consisting of eight turns around both pole and stub, should be 

 made as tight as possible with pliers or other devices and the ends twisted together 

 with not less than six turns and then 'Stapled to the pole. The wires may be twisted 

 very tight if >an iron rod about i-in. in diameter or one arm of a pair of cutting pliers 

 is inserted! between an equal number of turns at a point opposite the line of contact. 

 Both sets should be twisted at the same time. 



Where it is impossible to secure sufficient strength by wrapping the stub and the 

 pole together by wire, through bolts should be used. The nuts, washers, and bolts 

 should be of galvanized iron, and the washers about 2J in. square. 



No back filling should be done until after the stub is in place. The same method 

 should be followed as described! under the heading " Setting poles," in Section 55. 



5 REPLACEMENTS WITH TREATED STUBS 



In some of the older Forestry Branch lines many poles were used which through 

 improper preparation or use of non-durable species have decayed very rapidly and 

 must be replaced. In making such replacements where the use of more durable poles 

 is specified by the district inspector, some cases will arise wherein treated stubs can 

 be employed! to great advantage. It will be apparent that the treatment and trans- 

 portation of stubs is a much less expensive operation than the handling of full- 

 length poles, and where durable pole timber for making replacements is not available, 

 the use of treated stubs should be carefully considered. Stubs of a durable, species 

 have similar advantages. 



In making such replacements, however, careful consideration must be given to 

 the condition of the portion of the old pole remaining above ground. Unless this 

 portion of the pole is in first-class condition and gives promise of. lasting as long as 

 the reinforcing stub employed, this method of making pole replacements should not 

 *be adopted. 



6 RESETTING OF SHORTENED POLES 



The standard specifications for non-durable poles call for a 25-ft. length. Where 

 such poles have decayed and it is desired to replace with durable poles, this object may 

 frequently be attained economically by cutting off the decayed portion of the old poles, 

 treating the sound portion remaining, and resetting the same in the line. This, of 

 course, reduces the height of the lead and cannot be employed 1 where such reduction is 

 for any reason undesirable, but in most cases the reduction will still leave a 20-ft. pole 

 and this will often be sufficient. Projects involving the treatment and resetting of 

 shortened poles must always be reported to the district inspector and approved by him 

 before being undertaken. 



Section 92 Apparatus 

 1 GENERAL REPAIRS 



All telephone apparatus at stations and elsewhere on the line should be carefully 

 inspected for loose connections or other defects. The inspector should call up the 

 terminal or intermediate stations from each instrument and note particularly how the 

 generator of the instrument rings its own bell and how the bell rings at the station 

 called. 



The called station should ring back in order to test the bell at the calling station. 

 In making tests it should not be taken for granted that something is wrong if an 



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