A HISTORY OF DURHAM 



his death it was found that he held the manor of Hart 

 of the king, and that his son and heir was Thomas, 

 aged twenty-six.®^ Thomas, sixth Lord Clifford, 

 survived his father for only two years. He died on 

 4. October 1391, leaving a son and heir John, aged 

 two.'* John's grandmother Maud, widow of Roger, 

 fifth Lord Clifford, died on 28 February 14.02-3, 

 and John, now aged thirteen, inherited the lands 

 of which she w.is enfeoffed at Hart.'* 



John, seventh Lord Clifford, married Elizabeth 

 daughter of Henry Percy (Hotspur),'''' and the manor 

 of Hart was settled upon them and their heirs on 

 20 October 14.14.''* John was killed at the siege of 

 Meaux in March 1421-2.^' His widow died on 

 16 October 1436, when Hart passed to their son 

 Thom.is, eighth Lord Clifford, aged twenty-two.'"" 

 He married Joan daughter of Thomas Lord Dacre of 

 Gilsland, and was killed at the battle of St. Albans 

 22 May 1455.' His heir was his son John, ninth 

 Lord Clifford,- Clifford the Butcher who appears in 

 Shakespeare's Henry VI, part 3. He was killed 

 28 March 1461 on the eve of the battle of Towton. 

 His wife Margaret, called Lady de Vesci, fled with 

 her infant children, the heir being Henry, aged seven, 

 and for many years they lived in concealment in 

 Yorkshire and Cumberland.' 



John, ninth Lord Clifford, was attainted in the first 

 year of Edward IV (4 November 1 461), and his lands 

 forfeited to the king. Hart does not seem to have been 

 granted out again, and in 1485 the att.iinder was 

 reversed and Henry, tenth Lord Clifford, was restored.'' 

 He married as his first wife Anne daughter of Sir John 

 St. John of Bletso (co. Bedford).' On the restoration 

 of the Cliffords the Bishop of Durham's struggle to 

 reassert his right over Hart and Hartlepool began again. 

 According to the Durham historian. Bishop Foxe was 

 translated from Durham to Winchester in I 501 on 

 account of his quarrel with the Earl of Cumberland 

 [Lord Clifford] over Hartlepool.^ 



Henry, tenth Lord Clifford, died in 1523, when 

 he was succeeded by his son Henry, created first Earl 

 of Cumberland in 1525.'' In I 528 Cardinal Wolsey, 

 then Bishop of Durham, received a grant of the 

 manor of Hart and town of Hartlepool on surrender 

 by Henry Lord Clifford of the patents granted to his 

 ancestors by Edward I, with an acknowledgment of 

 the bishop's royal rights there.' This triumph did 

 not last long, as it soon became part of the king's 

 policy to weaken the church as much as possible, par- 

 ticularly in the north, where the Roman Catholics 

 were strong. In 1533, a year before the attempted 

 abolition of the bishop's palatine power, a bill was 

 brought in providing that whereas the Bishop of 



" Chan. Inq. p.m. ij Ric. II, no. 14. 



" Ibid. 15 Ric. II, pt. i, no. 17. 



^ Ibid. 4 Hen. IV, no. 37. 



®' Whitaker, Hist, and Antiq. of Craven, 

 3.6. 



9» Chan. Inq. p.m. 15 Hen. VI, 

 no. 55. 



^ G.E.C. op. cit il, 293. 



'"» Chan. Inq. p.m. 1 5 Hen. VI, no. 55. 



' G.E.C. loc cit. 



' Whitaker, op. cit. 249-50. 



' G.E.C. op. cit. iii, 294 ; Dugdalc, 

 Bar. i, 3+3. 



* Ca:. In J. Hen. yil, ii, 349, 351, 



' G.E.C. loc. cit. 



^ Hiit. Dunelm. Script. Tres (Surt. Soc), 

 150 J s;c Letters and Papers iHuttr. of 



reigns j/ Ric. Ill and Hen. P'll (Rolls 

 Ser.), i, 99. 



' G.E.C. op. cit. iii, 295. 



' L. and P. Hen. Vlll, iv, 5111. 



* Sec H iuse of Lords Jour, i, 6od (19 

 Jan. 1513); Harl. Chart. 5S, E 5 

 (printed in Topographer, Aug. 1790, vol. 

 iii, p. 115). I he bill was read three 

 times in the House of Lords, but it is 

 not found among the statutes for that 

 year. 



'" G.E.C. op. cit. iii, 567. 



" Chan. Inq. p.m. (Ser. 2), clvi, 48. 



" Acts ofP.C. 1554-6, p. 166. 



" Cal. S. P. Dom. 1547-80, p. 167. 



'< Ibid. 335. 



" Chan. Inq. p.m. (Ser. a), clvi, 48. 



258 



Durham claimed that the lordship of Hartlepool 

 lay within the bishopric of Durham, while the people 

 of the lordship claimed that it lay in Northumberland, 

 henceforward it should form part of the North Riding 

 of Yorkshire.' 



Henry, first Earl of Cumberland, died in I 542, and 

 was succeeded by his son Henry,'" but Hart and 

 Hartlepool were left for life to his second son. Sir 

 Ingram Clifford, kt.," who was ordered by the Privy 

 Council in 1 555 to cause his tenants of Hart and 

 Hartlepool to make contribution to the repairing of 

 Sunderland bridges, as the rest of the inhabitants of 

 Durham had done." About 1560 the Earl of 

 Cumberland petitioned the queen to grant him 

 certain lands in exchange for Hart and Hartlepool ; 

 this, however, xvas not done.'' In 1569 the inhabi- 

 tants of those places refused to attend the Durham 

 musters, alleging that they belonged to the county of 

 Northumberland.''' 



Henry, second Earl of Cumberland, died in 

 January 1569-70, leaving a son and heir George, 

 aged twelve." This was the famous third Earl of 

 Cumberland, who 'performed nine viages by sea in 

 his own person, most of them to the West Indies.' " 

 The first of these expeditions was undertaken in I 580 

 to recoup his fortunes. Early in that jear he con- 

 veyed his manors of Hart, Hartness, Hartlepool, 

 Throston, Over Throston, Nether Throston, and 

 Nelston to Robert Petre and John Morley, who on 

 16 May 1587 transferred them to John Lord Lumlcy.'^ 



Aj he had no children surviving. Lord Lumley 

 settled his estates in 1607 on Richard Lumley," a 

 distant cousin." Lord Lumley died on i i April 

 1 609.-" Richard Lumley was made Viscount Lumley 

 of Waterford in 1628. His lands at Hart were seized 

 by the sequestrators before 20 August 1644, and the 

 rectory of Hart was leased to Richard Malam."' After 

 the Restoration the manor followed the descent of 

 Lumley Castle until 1770, when it was sold by 

 Richard fourth Earl of Scarbrough to Sir George 

 Pocock, a distinguished admiral.^- Sir George died 

 in 1792,-' and was succeeded by his son George 

 Pocock, created a b.nronet in 1821,-'' who about 1830 

 sold the estates to William Henry, then Marquess 

 and afterwards Duke of Cleveland.^' 



By will dated I 5 June I 836 the Duke of Cleveland 

 left his lands at Hart and Hartlepool upon trust for 

 Frederick Aclom Milbank, the second son of his 

 daughter Lady Augusta Henrietta Milbank. The 

 duke died on 29 January 1842, and was succeeded at 

 Hart by Frederick Aclom Milbank.'^ The latter was 

 created a baronet in 1882 and died in 1898.-' He 

 was succeeded by his eldest surviving son. Sir Powlett 



^* Surteel, Hist, and Antip of Durham, 

 iv, 95. 



" Pat. 28 Elii. pt. iv, m. 36 ; 29 Eliz. 

 pt. xiii, m. 26 ; Close, 29 Eliz. pt. vi. 



" Dur. Rec. cl. 3, file 1S2, no. 56 j 

 cl. 12, no. 2 (2). 



'^ Sec Lumley Castle. 



'" Chan. Inq. p.m. (Ser. 2), cccxi, 109 ; 

 Dur. Rec. cl. 3, file 182, no. 56. 



** Rec. Com. for Comp. (Surt. Soc), i. 



^ Sharp, Hist, of Hartlepool, 62. 



" Diet. Nat. Biog. 



'* Sharp, Hist, of Hartlepool, 64. 



'* Fordyce, op. cit. ii, 240. 



»« Ibid. 241. 



^ Burke, Peerage, Baronetage and 

 Knightage. 



