EFFECT OF FORESTS ON TEMPERATURE. 



31 



and an elevation of 656 feet above the sea. The following 

 figures are those given for two series : — 



Mean Temperature .of July reduced to an Altitude of 

 (■.56', IN Degrees Fahk. 



On the 38th degree of 

 Northern Latitude. 



Lisbon 70-5 



Canipo Major . . . . 7(i'.S 

 Palermo ..... 7(3 -5 



Athens 79-2 



Smyrna . . . . .77*9 

 Lenkoran . .74-7 



Krasnowodsk . . . , 82 U 



Dr. Woeikof points out that the temperature rises on 

 proceeding from the Atlantic Ocean in an easterly direction 

 to continental countries ; indeed, there is a difference of 

 13"2° between Guernsey and Szemipalatinsk, and of 

 11'5° between Lisbon and Krasnowodsk. This on the 

 whole steady increase of temperature is here and there inter- 

 rupted, a phenomenon which is ascribed to the presence of 

 extensive forests. He points out that on the 50° of latitude 

 the first decided fall occurs at Promenhof which has in 

 its vicinity the extensive forests situated on both sides of 

 the Bavaria-Bohemian frontier. At Hochwald the second 

 fall occurs, a place which is situated close to extensive 

 forests. Further east, at Troppau, the temperature rises 

 again, but on entering the densely wooded valleys of the 

 Hungarian Carpathians a third depression of temperature 

 becomes apparent. The comparatively low temperature in 

 Eastern Galicia, at Lemberg, is also ascribed to the presence 

 of extensive forests, while large forests and marsh lands are 

 found close to the north-west and north-east of Kiew. As 

 soon as the Steppes are approached, the temperature rises 

 rapidly. As to the places situated on the 38° latitude, it 

 is pointed out that the temperature rises rapidly from Lisbon 

 towards the interior until Athens is reached ; at Lenkoran a 



