56 THE STATE IN RELATION TO FORESTRY. 



principles, in other words, to increase steadil}^ and to the 

 highest practicable degree the productiveness of all natural 

 forces and of the capital invested in the business. In some 

 cases, the object of management centres in a high return, in 

 others, different objects are aimed at. In the latter cases, the 

 sacrifice made from a financial point of view should be dul}^ 

 compensated for by other benefits. 



The scientific treatment of the economic position, which 

 forests occupy in the State and in Political Economy, is 

 explained in Forest Policy. It deals with the social aspect of 

 forestry, and it considers specially the duties which the State 

 has to fulfil as regards forests, so that they may in the highest 

 possible degree answer the demands which are made on them 

 in the interests of tlie community as a whole. 



These duties will be shortly indicated in the following pages ; 

 they vary according to the objects for which forests are main- 

 tained, and the proprietorship. Accordingly, the subject may 

 be dealt with under the following headings : — 



Chapter I. Duties of the State in regard to Forestry. 

 ,, II. Protection Forests. 

 ,, III. State Forests. 



,, IV. Forests of Communes, Corporations, etc. 

 ,, Y. Private Forests. 



In dealing with this subject the following works have been 

 utilised : — 



(1.) "Forest Policy," by Dr. I. Lehr, in Lorey's " Handbuch 



der Forstwissenschaft " ; 

 (2.) " Forest Policy," by Dr. A. Schwappach, in Franken- 

 stein's " Handbuch der Staatswissenschaften"; and, 

 (3.) "Forest Law," by B. H. Baden-Powell, C.I.E., Hon. 

 M.A., Oxon. 



