THE PRODUCE OF FORESTS. 



171 



These few instances will show that the indirect effects of 

 woodlands are of considerable importance. 



4, The Produce of Forests. 



While the indirect effects of forests are sometimes difficult 

 to estimate, it is comparatively easy to assess the direct effects, 

 that is to say, the benefits which a nation derives from them 

 through the produce which they yield. Here, again, we have 

 to do with a great variety of things, such as timber, firewood, 

 fruits, leaves, flowers, bark, turpentine, fibres, grass, moss, peat, 

 game and many other things. Some of these articles are of 

 importance in agriculture and estate management generally. 



Before dealing specially with timber and game, it may be 

 pointed out that the United Kingdom imports annually large 

 quantities of forest produce which are of the utmost impor- 

 tance in various industries, as the following data will show : — 



Annual Imports of Minor Forest Produce. 



