50 SWAMP TYPE 



uniform in composition and size so that a 20 per cent estimate is 

 commonly accurate enough. The cost should not exceed 15 

 cents an acre. 



The stumpage value of all the swamp tree species has been so 

 low that it is only recently that data has been gathered in regard 

 to them. Cedar is the only species on which the Forest Service 

 has figures. Its stumpage rose from $1.32 to $4.63 between 1900 

 and 1907, an increase of 250 per cent while the lumber only 

 advanced 75 per cent during the same period, from $10.91 to 

 $19.14. Even these figures cannot be taken as representative of 

 the swamp cedars alone because several western species and the 

 southern red cedar are included under the same name in the Cen- 

 sus and Forest Service reports. Hence it is all the more impor- 

 tant to present data from which the stumpage value of each 

 individual tract may be worked out. 



The most valuable products obtained from the swamps are 

 cedar and tamarack poles, ties and posts. The orices of these 

 on the cars were as follows in 1916: 



Each 



Cedar poles $o . 5o-$40 . oo 



ties o . 50 



posts 0.35 



Tamarack poles o . 50- 10 . 00 



ties 0.50 



posts 0.30 



Spruce and balsam seldom get large enough for more than 

 pulpwood, the specifications and prices for which are discussed 

 in the chapter on the Spruce Type. 



Red maple cordwood brought a price of $5 in four-foot lengths 

 in 191 5 where the market was good. 



The minimum sizes required are as follows: 



Poles — 20 feet long and 4 inches in diameter at the top end. 

 Ties — 8 feet long, 6-inch face and 6 inches thick. 

 Posts — 8 feet long and 3 inches in diameter at the top end. 

 Cordwood — 4 feet long and 2 inches in diameter at the small end. 



Logging and manufacturing costs in 191 6 may be summarized 

 as follows: 



