TIMBER VALUES II9 



it is used for boxmaking. Incense cedar finds its widest use as 

 shingles altho it is occasionally employed for interior finish. 

 The average mill prices at present common are: 



Per M 



Douglas fir $40 . 00 



White fir 25.00 



Incense cedar 30 . 00 



The main difference between the logging methods used in this 

 type and those so far considered is that steam donkey engines are 

 commonly used in yarding. The large size of the timber, the 

 density of the stands and the comparative evenness of the topog- 

 raphy make this method much more economical than skidding 

 with horses. A yarding crew consists of a dozen men and 

 handles 25 to 40M per day. The donkey engines are placed 

 alongside the logging railroads whenever possible so that the 

 logs may be loaded on to the cars by steam after being yarded. 

 Where the topography does not permit this a dry log chute may 

 be used to get the logs from the yarding engine to the railroad. 

 The average costs of a typical operation were as follows in 191 5: 



Per M 

 Felling and bucking $0 . 65 



Yarding i 



Chuting (54 per cent of cut) o 



Loading o 



Railroad haul i 



Supervision o 



Large mills capable of turning out 250,000 feet in 24 hours are 

 becoming more common because they turn out better lumber at 

 less cost. Average figures for such a mill were as follows: 



Per M 



Unloading logs in mill pond So. 07 



Milling 1 . 50 



Maintenance o. 50 



Yard charges o . 73 



Planing'(part only) and loading o. 90 



$3-70 



Adding the logging and milling costs gives a total cost of $9 per 

 M. Hence there is a possible margin for stumpage and profit 



