OR, The Turn Out. S9 



your own pleasure," assisted by a moderate touch of the 

 whip, and if he repeats the performance, sell him to those 

 who will give him heavier and slower work, between other 

 horses, say on a farm. 



Some horses who are vicious to clean may be cured by 

 a change of tools, and in some cases by a change of groom. 

 Old and worn out tools, or rough common new ones in care- 

 less hands, are absolutely painful when thoughtlessly applied 

 to the tender and more sensitive parts of the horse. 



Vicious to shoe, must be left to the inventive powers of 

 the smith. If it can be avoided, never have the horse shod 

 at his own stable, for many reasons ; the blacksmith has 

 all the appliances at hand that are necessary, and has 

 certainly more confidence and tact in his own shop. The 

 horse should always be taken by the same man, and have his 

 regular groom, and be shod by a smith who can coax and 

 persuade. If possible, a quiet horse should be shod first, 

 under the nose of the restive one. Blows and twitches are 

 best left out. 



Swallowing the corn whole, is often the result of feeding 

 two horses in the same manger and at the same time, which 

 promotes greediness. Some horses are naturally greedy and 

 carry ver}^ little flesh, hence are not as a rule strong workers. 

 Such horses must not be allowed to fast long or go far with- 

 out the nosebag ; mix good chaff with the corn, and plenty 

 of it. 



Crib-biting and Wind-sucking, are serious vices ; the horse 

 chiefly operates upon the manger, biting and sawing it 

 with his teeth, to the neglect of all his other comforts. 

 Whether the "sucking" is actually drawing air or expelling 

 it is not thoroughly arrived at. A strap round the neck with 

 a square pad of leather enclosing a small iron plate to press 

 close up will prevent and ultimately cure, if worn regularl}'' ; 

 but care must be taken not to bring about another evil by 

 causing irritation of the windpipe, which will produce 

 roaring.^ Medicine is of no service for crib-biting or wind- 

 sucking ; a muzzle should be worn at all possible times, and 

 constructed so that the horse can be feed with it on. 



Crib-biting, is sometimes caused by the horse being 

 groomed in the stable ; partial starvation and bad food has 

 brought it about ; and even being over fed will cause it, 

 from the horse's love of mischief. 



