290 Management and Treatment of the Horse. 



posed to be the first man who resorted to this 

 piece of roguishness. Bishoping a horse is 

 done by throwing a horse and putting a large 

 wooden roller into its mouth while the operator 

 files down its teeth; then, with irons made for 

 the purpose, he proceeds to burn the centre of 

 the teeth, making them resemble the natural 

 marks in a young horse, so that a horse that 

 has fresh legs, and is nearly as old as Old 

 Parr, in an hour is brought out as a seven- 

 year-old and sold as such. Old horses are 

 generally sunk in the eyes, but after the coper 

 has bishoped his animal, he is quite up to the 

 mark to make the horse have a younger appear- 

 ance, so he proceeds to another trick known as 

 ^' pufiing the glims." This is pricking the hollow 

 above the eyes with a needle to cause local in- 

 flammation and swelling of the part. The swelling 

 fills up the cavity above the eye, and gives the 

 horse a younger appearance, but it only lasts for 

 a day or two, and often ends in ophthalmia, from 

 the inflammation affecting the optic nerve. Other 

 dealers who have young horses wish to pass them 

 off as older than they are for the extra profit they 

 obtain, and many three-year-old horses are sold as 

 four-year-olds, and the writer has known them 

 passed off as five-year-olds. This is done by 

 punching out their sucking teeth and lancing 

 their gums above the tusk; when the suckers 

 are punched out, the cutters soon make their 

 appearance, and by lancing the gum it falls back, 

 and in a few weeks the tusk has made its way 

 through, so that the mouth of a three-year-old 



