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certain to get out of order. The water when discharged 

 descends quickly into the surface drain or gutter, and 

 thence to the sewer through a stench trap ; and this 

 brings us to a most important part of the fitting up of the 

 stable, viz : — the drainage and ventilation. Matters which 

 concern the health of the horse so much, require the most 

 careful consideration, and upon which subject the author 

 would make a few additional observations. 



Gutters for surface drainage are made of two kinds 

 viz : — open channels, and closed or covered gutters. The 

 former are much liked on account of being very easily 

 cleaned out, but as the straw bedding gets trampled into 

 the channel by the horse, it becomes saturated with urine, 

 and then not only stops the flow of the urine, but emits a 

 large amount of ammoniacal gas and damp into the stable. 

 Closed or covered gutters avoid this unpleasantness, and 

 are certainly the best, provided ordinary cleanliness is 

 followed, but as many stable attendants are very careless 

 on this head, and the cover prevents the master's eye 

 catching the objectionable dirt, the advantages and merits 

 of the covered gutter are frustrated. Lately, however, 

 Messrs. Musgrave & Co. have got over this difficulty by 

 bringing out a new form of gutter, grooved or fluted on 

 the surface, which allows the urine to flow away along the 

 bottom of the grooves, while the horse stands, and the 

 bedding lies on the top. This is an ingenious and simple 

 method of getting over the difficulty, and is eminently 

 satisfactory in working. 



No definite rule can be laid down for ventilation, as 

 every stable has its own peculiarities of site, but in stables 

 arranged in the usual manner the principles of ventilation 

 by Musgrave's Patent Ventilators, shown by the annexed 

 sketch, will be found to keep the air of the stable always 

 pure. 



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