ARTIFICIAL BROODING 323 



of increasing the ventilation. The temperature of the 

 brooder may be lowered by increasing the ventilation or 

 admitting more cool fresh air, and it is just as important 

 that the fresh air be increased as that the brooder tempera- 

 ture be decreased. 



Floor of the Brooder. The brooder floor should be 

 covered an inch deep with clean sand. (See "Feeding the 

 Chicks.") In two or three days when the chicks have 

 learned to eat well, a little chaff or cut clover or alfalfa 

 may be covered over the sand for the chicks to scratch in. 

 It is well to begin with the sand. 



Sunlight. Whatever type of brooder is used it should 

 be accessible to the sunlight. Disease germs do not thrive 

 or multiply when exposed to the sunshine. 



Types of Brooders. There are many types of brooders 

 in use, and each year sees a new crop of them. If some 

 of the chicks die, the brooder is very likely to be blamed, 

 and the next year another is tried. There is, as yet, a con- 

 siderable divergence of opinion as to what constitutes the 

 best type. All the sundry makes of brooders may be 

 divided into the following classes : 



1. Individual lamp brooder, indoor and outdoor. 



2. Colony brooder. 



3. Hot water pipe brooder. 



4. Room or stove brooder, with or without hovers. 



5. Terra cotta brooder. 



6. Electric brooder. 



7. Fire! ess brooder. 



The Lamp Brooder. There are various types of lamp 

 brooders. Some of these are made for outdoors and some 

 for indoors use. There is more or less danger from fire 

 from the lamp, and proper care should be given it to avoid 

 burning the brooder and chicks. It is usually neglect 



