OF THE MUSCLES. Ill 



would raise the fore part of the trunk ; in progression, 

 they retract and rotate the femur ; also they adduct the 

 limb. 



Isciiio FEMORALis {Fig 7.4). Origin. From the inferior 

 surface of the ischium. Insertion. Into the inner side of 

 the body of the femur, just above the small head of the 

 tricep adductor. Action. To complete the retraction of the 

 hind extremity, when the inherent contractility of the more 

 powerful muscles has been exhausted. 



Pectoneus (Fig 7.2). Origin. By tendon, which meets 

 that of the muscle from the opposite side, from the brim of 

 the pelvis. Insertion. Into a ridge upon the inner side of 

 the femur. Action. To raise the femur, as well as to 

 adduct the bone. 



Vasti tnternus, exteknus, and rectus {Plate III. 6, 7) 

 cannot be distinctly separated into three fair muscles. The 

 RECTUS arises by two tendons ; the superior of which springs 

 from the dorsum of the ilium, and has a bursa between it 

 and the bone. The inferior comes from the venter of the 

 ilium. The two tendons unite near the border of the bone. 

 Insertion. Into the superior angle of the patella, by a mass 

 of tendon. 



Vastus externus (Plate III. 6). Origin. From the lower 

 tubercle of the great trochanter ; and from the outer sm-face 

 of tlie femur. Insertion. Into the superior of the patella ; 

 and the inferior of the rectus muscle. 



Vastus internus {Fig 6 .1). Origin. From the neck of 

 the femur ; and the entire inner surface of the bone. In- 

 sertion. Into the upper surface of the patella ; and into 

 the inner surface of the rectus ; but to a less extent than 

 the vastus externus. Action of the three heads. To bend 

 the femur ; but more particularly to raise the patella, and 

 so advance the limb. 



Ilio FEMORALIS. Origin. From the dorsum of the ilium, 

 by tendon, between which and the bone there exists a small 

 bursa. Insertion. By tendon, into the antero-superior of 

 the femur. Action. To assist in the flexions of the femur ; 

 and to guard the capsular ligament. 



Psoas parvus. Origin. From the necks of the last three 

 ribs ; from the last three dorsal ; and from all the lumbar 



