INFLAMMATION OF THE LUNGS. 307 



the animal before the tissues are completely broken up. 

 The grumous black blood effused into the air cells has 

 been mistaken for a gangrenous state; but which state 

 rather belongs to those cases which are marked with 

 typhoid symptoms. It must here be observed, that, 

 although rare, a gangrenous state of a portion of the lungs 

 is occasionally present in pneumonia. Suppuration is 

 sometimes one of the sequelse to pneumonia ; in cases of 

 which there is also a deceitful remission of the symptoms, 

 but not so great as in hydrothorax ; it is further marked 

 by an irritating cough, a purulent discharge from the nose, 

 with a hard, hurried, and an irregular pulse. In these cases 

 a speedy termination follows by suffocation, or a more 

 protracted one, in which the animal dies emaciated. Hepa- 

 tization is also not an uncommon termination ; in which 

 the substance of the lungs becomes so blocked up and 

 solidified as to make them, contrary to the usual state, 

 sink in water. When the condensation is only partial, the 

 affections called thick wind and broken wind are the con- 

 sequence ; or an increased irritability of the lungs them- 

 selves, or of the mucous membranes of the bronchii and 

 trachea, may be left, which subjects the horse to a long- 

 continued or permanent cough. It is also the parent of 

 the tuberculated condition, which ends in phthisis pulmonalis 

 or glanders. 



On the subject of symptoms, it remains to guard the 

 practitioner against mistaking pneumonia or inflammation 

 of the lungs for such other affections as it may be con- 

 founded w^ith ; as with influenza, bronchitis, or other dis- 

 eases of the mucous membranes. In influenza, the extre- 

 mities do not continue invariably cold ; the distress of 

 countenance is not so great ; sore throat is commonly pre- 

 sent ; the breathing, though quickened, is less laborious, 

 and the pulse seldom oppressed. The cough in influenza 

 is generally deep, sonorous, and very painful : a weakness, 

 not corresponding with the violence of the symptoms, is 

 very early seen in influenza ; and though the lining of the 

 nostrils may be inflamed in influenza, it is seldom so much 

 so, as to present a purple hue. The principal necessity 

 which exists for making a careful distinction between the 

 two diseases, arises from its not being found prudent to 



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