STRUGGLE FOR SUNLIGHT 215 



subdued or transmitted light, but no green plants can grow 

 in darkness. The low plants in forests are shade -lovers. 

 Fig. 361. Note the plants which seem to be shade -lovers 

 and those which prefer full sunlight. Some plants adapt 

 themselves to both sun and shade. Most ferns are shade- 

 lovers. 



355. In the midst of dense plant populations, each 

 individual grows upwards for sunlight. Thus are for- 



366. The forest rim. Lodking tow. 



ests made : the competing trees become long slender boles 

 with a mantle of foliage at the top. The side branches die 

 for lack of light and food, and they fall from decay or are 

 broken by storm ; the wounds are healed, and the bole 

 becomes symmetrical and trim. Fig. 362 shows the inte- 

 rior of a primeval pine forest. Note the bare trunks and 

 the sparse vegetation on the dim forest floor. Fig. 363 is 

 the top of a great forest. With these pictures compare 

 Figs. 75 and 76. Fig. 357 shows a deep wheat forest. 

 A lone survivor of a primeval forest is shown in Fig 364. 



