294 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



4. LARIX. Larch. 



Trees of medium size: leaves soft, short, in fascicles or clusters oti 

 short branchlets, falling in autumn: cones much like those of Picea, bu-t 

 standing erect at maturity. 



L. decidua. Mill. {L. J^uropivn, DC.) European larch. Leaves 1 in. 

 long: cones of many scales, about 1 in. long. Planted for ornament and 

 timber. 



L. Americana, Michx. Tamarack. Hackmatack. Leaves shorter and 

 pale ill color: cones of few scales, \i in. or less long. Swamps. 



5. THUJA. Arbok-vit^. 



Trees, becoming large: leaves opposite, closely appressed to the branch- 

 lets, the latter frond-like: cones small, oblong or globular, of few scales. 

 Leaves awl-like on new growths and scale-like on the older growths. 



T. occidentalis, Linn. Arbor-vitw. White cedar ot some places. Fig. 

 42G. Cones >^ in. or less long, bearing 2-winged seeds. Swamps and cold 

 woods, as far south as North Carolina in the mountains. Very commonly 

 planted as a hedge evergreen and as single specimens, but in the wild be- 

 coming very large trees and much used 

 for telegraph poles. 



6. JUNtPERUS. Juniper. 



Small trees or shrubs, with opposite 



or whorled awl-like leaves (often of two 



kinds) : fertile catkin of 3-6 fleshy scales 



which cohere and form a berry-like fruit 



containing 1-3 hard seeds. ,„^. _ . ■ , ^ ,. 



, . , . ^ . . 426. Thuja occidentabs. 



J. commtuns, Lmn. Common jumper. 



Shrub, erect or usually spreading and lying close to the ground, with leaves 



in whorls of 3 and all alike (awl-like): berries large and smooth. Banks 



and sterile ground. 



J. Virginillna, Linn. l?ed cedar. Savin. Small tree or large shrub, 



usually narrow pyramidal in growth, with leaves of two kinds (scale-like 



and awl-like, the former small and lying close to the branch ) : berry glaucous : 



heart-wood red and highly scented. Common on banks and in old fields. 



B. PHENOGAMS: ANGIOSPERMS: MONO-COTYLEDONS, 

 in. ARACE^. Arum Family. 



Perennial herbs, with rhizomes or corm like tubers and acrid 

 juice : flowers minute, often diclinous and naked, borne on a spadix 

 and surrounded or attended by a spathe: fruit usually a berry, the 

 entire spadix usually enlarging and bearing the coherent berries in a 



