296 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



R. Africana, Kunth. Valla or Calla lily of gardens. Fig. 427. Leaf- 

 blades broadly arrow-shaped, simple and entire, cross-veined, glossy: spathe 

 white and wax-like. Cape of Good Hope. 



4. CALLA. 



Differs from the above in having a spathe which 

 d()( > not inclose the spadix, and mostly perfect flowers 

 (tiie upper ones sometimes staminate), each of 6 sta- 

 niLii^ and 1 ovary: fruit a red berry. One species. 



C palustris, Linn. True Calla. Fig. 428. Leaves 

 about 1 ft. high, the blades arrow-shaped: spathe about 

 2 in lung, white on the upper face. In cold bogs, north 



5 ACORUS. Sweet Flag. Calamus. 



Erect, having long, horizontal, branching root- 

 stocKs, thick and aromatic: leaves sword-shaped, rising 

 428. Calla palustris. j^.^,^, ^j^g rootstocks: scapes 3-angled, bearing each a 

 cylindric spadix, but much prolonged and leaf-like, causing the spadix to 

 appear as if borne on the side of the leaf-like scape: flowers on a very 

 dense spadix: ovary oblong, 2-4celled, with 2-8 ovules in each cell. 



A. Calamus, Linn. Sweet flag. Calamus-root. Along the margins of 

 streams, in swamps and wet soils. Leaves 2 to .3 ft.: flowers greenish- 

 yellow, very small. May to July. The rootstocks supply "sweet flag roots" 

 of the druggists. 



IV. LILIACE.E. Lily Family. 



Herbs, with bulbs, corms, or large rootstocks: fls. mostly regular 

 and showy, the perianth of six separate or coherent parts, the stamens 

 usually six and standing in front of the parts of the perianth: ovary 

 superior, usually 3-loculed, ripening into a capsule or berry. About 

 200 genera, including more than 2,000 widely distributed species. 

 Characteristic plants are lily, lily-of-the-valley, onion, Solomon's 

 seal, tulip, trillium, hyacinth, asparagus, yucca. 



A. Fruit a loculicidal capsule. 

 B. Style 1, undivided. 



C. Plant bulbous: root leavss not in large clumps. 



D. Stem tall and leafy L Lilium 



DD, Stem short, with only 2 to G leaves. 



E. Flower erect 2. Tulipa 



EE. Flower nodding ."5. Erythroninw 



DDD. Stem naked, bearinir many flowerf. 

 E. Perianth tubular. 



