310 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



G. CALOPOGON. Grass Pink. 



Scapes from round solid bulbs bearing several flowers in loose terminal 

 spikes or racemes; leaf 1, grass-like. Distinguished b}- having the lip on 

 the upper side (ovary or stalk not twisting), bearded. 



C. pulch611u8, R. Br. Scape 1 ft. high, 2-6 flowered: flowers 1 in. across, 

 pink-purple; the lip, triangular at apex, created with colored hairs (yellow, 

 orange, purple), club-shaped: anther lid-like: pollen-masses 4, powdery. 

 Wet meadows and bogs. Very pretty. 



7. POGONIA. 



Low, with solitary, terminal, odd flowers; alternate leaves: lip spurless, 

 crested or hooded or 3-lobed; column not attached: calyx spreading: fertile 

 anther lid-liko: two pollen masses, granular. 



P. ophioglossoides, Nutt. Stem G-9 in. from a fibrous root; leaf sessile, 

 oval near middle of stem: lip erect, bearded and fringed: flower 1 in. 

 long, sweet-scented, pale rose color, slightly nodding, with a leafy bract. 

 Marshes or swampy places. Eastern United States. June to July. 



BB. PHENOGAxMS: ANGIOSPERMS: DICOTYLEDONS. 

 D. CHORIPETALiE. 



IX. CUPULIFER^. Oak Family. 



Monoecious trees and shrubs with staminate flowers in catkins 

 and the fertile in catkins or solitary : Ivs. alternate, with stipules 

 early deciduous (mostly scale-like), and the side-veins straight or 

 nearly so: stamens 2 to many: fruit a 1-seed nut, sometimes inclosed 

 in an involucre. Ten or a dozen genera and upwards of 450 species. 

 Representative plants are oak, chestnut, beech, birch, hazel, ironwood. 



A. Sterile flowers in a hanging head: fruits 2 three-cornered 



nuts in a small, spiny involucre or bur 1. Fagus 



AA. Sterile flowers in cylindrical catkins. 



B. Fruit 1 to 4 rounded or flat-sided nuts in a large, sharp- 

 spiny involucre or bur 2. Castanea 



BB. Fruit an acorn — a nut sitting in a scaly or spiny cup 3. Quercus 



BBB. Fruit flat and often winged, thin and seed-like, borne 

 under scales in a cone 



C. Fertile flowers naked: mature cone-scales thin 4. Betula 



CO. Fertile flowers with a calyx: cone-scales thick 5. Alrms 



1. FAGUS. Beech. 



Tall forest trees with light bark, and prominent parallel side-veins in 

 the leaves: sterile flowers in a small, pendulous head, with 5-7-cleft calyx 



