330 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



XVIII. PAPAVERACE.E. Poppy Family. 

 Herbs with milky or colored juice (acrid and narcotic), alternate 

 or radical exstipulate leaves, the upper rarely opposite: flowers mostly 

 single, regular or irregular, perfect: sepals 2 (rarely 3 or 4), falling as 

 the flower opens: petals 4-6 (or more), imbricated, often crumpled in 

 the bud, and early falling: stamens usually many: ovary 1- to many- 

 ovuled, l-cel!ed: fruit a dry pod or capsule, 1 -celled or, in Poppy, 

 imperfectly many-celled, generally dehiscing by a pore or by valves. 

 Small family of mostly small but usually showy herbs. 



A. Plants with white (milky) juice 1. Papaver 



A A. Plants with colorless juice (watery) 2. iJ.schschnlzia 



AAA. Plants with red or orange juice. 



B. Flower-bud erect: flowers white, in earliest spring. .3. Savguinaria 

 BB. Flower-buds generally nodding; flowers yellow. 



C. Stigma 3- to 4-Iobed, on a short style. Capsule 



ovoid 4. Stylophomm 



CC. Stigma 2-lobed, about sessile: capsule long 5. CheUdoninm 



1. PAPAVER. Poppy. 



Herbs with white juice: stems smooth or hairy, erect, and the terminal 

 buds nodding, but erect in flower and fruit: sepals 2 (or3) soon falling: petals 

 4-6: sessile stigmas united to form a rayed disk. 



P. somniferum, Linn. Opium poppy. Annual, erect to \^A to 2 ft., 

 branching, glaucous, with large, white or purplish-centered flowers on long 

 peduncles: leaves sessile, clasping, variously incised: capsule smootli. 

 Cultivated for opium and for ornament. 



P. Rhoeas, Linn. Corn poppy. Shirley poppy. Annual, bristly, hairy, 

 the leaves deeply lobed: flowers mostly red or scarlet with a dark center, 

 varying in cultivation: pod small. 



P. orientd,le, Linn. Stem rough-hairy, l-flowered: flowers very large, 

 brilliant, sca'let: leaves scabrous, deep green, about pinnate. A favorite 

 |)ereiinial in gardens. 



P. nudicaille, Linn. Icihind poppy. Rather delicate, hairy, with leaves 

 radical, pale green, and pinnately incised: flowers single, on slender, hairy 

 scapes, orange or white. Gardens. 



2. ESCHSCHOLZIA. 



Annual or perennial herbs: leaves glaucous, finely pinnatifled: sepals 2, 

 cohering as a pointed cap, falling as flower opens: petals 4, yellow or orange 

 or cream-colored: stamens many, adherent to petals: stigmas 2-G, sessile: 

 pods long, cylindric, grooved, many-seeded. 



E. Calif6rnica, Cham. California poppy. Cultivated in flower-gar 

 dens: stem branching, leafy: flowers showy and large, receptacle 



