346 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



3. ^SCULUS. Horse Chestnut. Buckeye. 



Trees: leaves opposite, on long petioles, palmately compound, 5-7-folio- 

 liate: flowers irregular, in a terminal panicle, some often imperfect, most of 

 them with some imperfect pistils and stamens: calyx 5-toothed: corolla 

 irregular, with 4 or 5 clawed petals: stamens 5-8, usually 7: fruit a leathery 

 capsule, smooth or spiny, 2-3-valved, each valve containing, usually, one 

 seed only: seed large, with shiny brown coat and a large, round, pale scar, 

 not edible. 



JE. Hippocdstanum, Linn. Common horse-cliesfiint. See Figs. 18^, 2 1. 

 Buds noticeably large and resinous: leaf-scars large, horseshoe-shaped: 

 leaves large, palmately compound, usually with 7 leaflets: leaflets obovate, 

 abruptly pointed at tip: corolla of 5 petals, white, spotted with purple and 

 yellow: stamens long, exserted: fruit prickly. Blooms June to July. 



S. rubicunda, Lois. Hed horse chestnut. Small, round-headed tree, 

 I'.ultivated: leaflets 5-7: petals 4: broad, on slender claws, ro-e-red: stamens 

 usually 8. 



M. glabra, Willd. Ohio buckeye. Tall tree, native in woods and along 

 river banks, west of Alleghanies: bark rough and ill-scented when peeled or 

 bruised: leaflets 5, oval or oblong: acuminate: flowers small, in short panicle: 

 petals 4, narrow, on claws, nearly equal, erect, pale yellow: stamens longer 

 th.'in petals: fruit prickly at first. April, May. 



M. flS,va, Ait. Sweet buckeye. Large tree, rarely shrubby: bark dark 

 brown, scaly: leaflets usually 5, sometimes 7: flowers yellow: calyx oblong: 

 petals 4, very unequal, long-clawed, connivent, longer than stamens: fruit 

 glabrous. Rich woods West and South. April and May. 



M. Pavia, Linn. Hed buckeye. Shrub or small tree, 3-10 ft., found in 

 fertile soil West and South: flowers red: calyx tubular: petals 4, unequal, 

 longer than the stamens: fruit nearly smooth. 



4. STAPHYLfiA. Bladder-nut. 



Upright shrubs with opposite leaves, pinnately compound, with 3-7 leaf- 

 lets, stipulate: flowers small, white, in drooping clusters: sepals, petals and 

 stamens 5: styles 2-3: capsule a large bladdery pod,2-3-lobed, 2-3celled, 

 each cell several-seeded. 



S. trifdlia, Linn. Shrub 6-10 ft., in thickets, in moist soil: leaflets 3, 

 ovate, acuminate, serrate, stipules deciduous: flowers bell-like, white, in 

 clusters at ends on branchlets. 



XXVII. POLYGALACE^. Milkwort Family. 



Herbs or shrubs, with leaves mostly simple, entire, without 

 stipules, and flowers irregular and perfect. Represented by the 

 genus 



