358 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



late, acute or tapering at tip, serrate with incurving or bluntish teetb : flow- 

 ers later than preceding, white, in elongated, drooping or spreading, termi- 

 nal racemes: fruit deep purple or black {% in. in diameter) with a sweetish, 

 bitter taste. 



6. RtBUS. Bramble, 



Shrubs, usually thorny, the canes or shoots dying after fruiting, with 

 alternate digitately compound leaves : flowers white, in clusters, with 

 5-parted calyx and 5 petals: ovaries many, ripening into coherent drupelets. 



a. Ifaxpherrii's: drupelets or berry separating from the torus. 



R. occident^lis, Linn. Black raspberry. Figs. 128, 263. Canes long 

 and thorny, glaucous, rooting at the tips late in the season: leaves of mostly 

 3 ovate doubly-toothed leaflets: flowers in close, umbel-like clusters: fruits, 

 firm, black (sometimes amber-color). Woods, and common in cultivation. 



R. Btrigdsus, Miehx. Med raspberry. Canes erect and weak-prickly, 

 more or less glaucous, not rooting at tips, leaflets oblong-ovate: flowers in 

 racemes: fruits soft, red. Woods, and cultivated. 



R. odoratus, LiTin. Flowering raspberry . Flotveriyuj " mulberry ." 

 Shrubby and erect, branching, 3-5 ft., not prickly, but rather bristly and 

 sticky-hairy: leaves large, 3-5-lobed: flowers large, 1-2 in. broad, in terminal 

 corymbs, the petals orbicular and purplish rose (rarely whitish): fruit red, 

 ripe in August, flattened, sweetish but scarcely edible. Common in woods 



aa. Blackberries: drupelets adhering to the torus (the torus forming the 

 "core" of the berry. 



R. nigrobdccus, Bailey (R. villosus of some). Common blackberry. 

 Tall, very thorny: leaflets 3 or 5, ovate and pointed, toothed, hairy beneath: 

 flowers large, in open racemes: fruit thimble-shaped and firm, black when 

 ripe. Woods, and cultivated. 



R. villdsus, Ait. {B. Canadensis of some). Northern dewberry. Trail- 

 ing and rooting at tips, prickly: leaflets 3-7, ovate-acuminate or oblong-ovate, 

 toothed: flowers 1-3, on erect, short peduncles, large: fruit like a small and 

 shining blackberry. Sterile fields, and in cultivation. 



R. triviilis, Michx. Southern dewberry. Fig. 158. Long-trailing, 

 very thorny and bristly: leaves 3-5, more or less evergreen, mostly lance- 

 oblong and small, strong-toothed: flowers 1-3: fruit black. Sands, Vir- 

 ginia, south; also in cultivation. 



7. E^RRIA. Globe Flower. ".Iapan Rose." 



ShruVjby plants with calyx of 5 acuminate, nearly distinct sepals: petals 

 5 (or flowers double): ovaries 5-8, smooth, globose: leaves simple, ovate, 

 acuminate, doubly serrate, with stipules: flowers terminal on branches, soli- 

 tary or a few together. 



K. Japdnica, DC. Bush 3-8 ft. with green winter twigs: flowers orange- 

 yellow, usually double: leaves sometimes variegated. Late May and June. 

 Cultivated. 



