ROSACEA 359 



8. BOSA. Rose. 



More or less thorny erect or climbing shrubs with pinnate wing-petioled 

 leaves, and flowers with 5 calj'x-lobes and 5 large, rounded petals: pistils 

 many, becoming more or less hairy akenes which are enclosed in a hollow 

 torus (fruit becoming a hip, Fig. 265). Most of the garden roses are too 

 difficult for the beginner: they are much modified by the plant-breeder. 



R, Carolina, Linn. Swamp rose. Tall, often as high as a man, the few 

 spines usually somewhat hooked: stipules (petiole wings) long and narrow: 

 leaflets 5-9, narrow-oblong and acute, finely serrate: flowers rather large, 

 rose-color. Swamps. 



R. lilcida, Ehrh. Usually low, with stout hooked spines: stipules rather 

 broad: leaflets about 7, smooth and mostly shining above: flowers large, 

 rose-color. Moist places. 



R. hiiinilis. Marsh. Three feet or less tall, with straight, slender spines: 

 stipules narrow: foliage usually less shining. Dry soils. 



R. rubigindsa, Linn. Sweet briar. Eglantine. Erect, 4-8 ft., curving, 

 armed with stout recurved prickles, with weaker ones intei'mixed: leaflets 

 5-9, ovate or oval, coarsely and doubly serrate and resinous or glandular, 

 pubescent beneath, very aromatic: flowers small, pink or white, solitary, 

 single or double. Naturalized from Europe and in cultivation. 



9. AMELANCHIER. Service Berry. June Berry. 



Small tress or shrubs, with smooth, grayish bark: leaves simple, peti- 

 oled, serrate: flowers white, in racemes, or rarely solitary: calyx-tube 5- 

 cleft: petals 5: stamens many, short, inserted on calyx-throat: ovaiy 

 inferior, apparently 10-celled, with 1 ovule in each cavity: styles 5, united 

 below: fruit a l)erry-like pome, 4-10-celled. 



A. Canadensis, Torr. & Gray. Shadbtish. Small tree or bush 5-50 ft. 

 high, with showy white flowers in very early spring before the foliage: 

 leaves ovate to oblong, sharply serrate, acute at apex, base cordate, soon 

 smooth: stipules long and silky-hairy: fruit red or purple pomes, on slender 

 pedicels, sweet and edible. Woods, common. 



10. PtRUS. Pear. Apple. 



Small trees or shrubs with alternate leaves, and flowers in clusters in 

 spring: flowers 5-merous: ovaries usually 5, immersed in the torus, the 

 styles free. 



a. Leaves simple: pear and apple. 



P. commilnis, Linn. Pear. Figs. 63, 101, 102, 182, 266. Leaves ovate, 

 firm and shining, smooth, close-toothed: fruit tapering to the pedicel. 

 Europe. 



P. M&IuB, Linn. Apple. Figs. (!7, 267, 268. Leaves ovate, soft, hairy 

 beneath, serrate: fruit hollowed at the base when ripe. Europe. 



P. coron&ria, Linn. Wild crab. Bushy tree to t.bout 20 ft., somewhat 

 thorny: leaves ovate-triangular to heart-shaped, cut-serrate, or somewhat 

 lobed, soon sraoothish: flowers large, strikingly fragrant, rose-colored, few 



