LABIATE 371 



usually slightly toothed leaves: flowers small, violet (rarely white), in a 

 dense, oblong, clover-like head or spike. Common in grassy places. 



8. SCUTELLARIA. Skullcap. 



Perennials, bitter, not aromitic: flowers solitary or in pairs, axillary or 

 in bracted spike-like racemes: calyx bell-shaped, two-lipped, the lips closed 

 in fruit, the upper one appendaged on the back (at maturity the calyx splits 

 to the bottom, the upper lip usually falling off): corolla-tube elongated, 

 curved and ascending, swollen above the throat, 2-lipped, the upper lip 

 arched and notched: stamens 4, ascending in pairs under the upper lip, the 

 upper pair shorter. 



S. laterifolia, Linn. Mad-dog skullcap. Smooth, 1-2 ft. high: stem 

 nearly or quite erect, much branched, slender, leafy: leaves thin, ovate- 

 lanceolate, pointed, serrate, petioled: flowers blue (rarely white), small, 

 ^-i^ in. long, in axillary, one-sided racemes (some terminal). Wet, shaded 

 places. Summer. Several related species in bogs and along slow streams, 

 but most of them will not be likely to attract the attention of the beginner. 



9. N^PETA. Catmint. 



Perennials, mostly sweet-scented: calyx nearly equally 5-toothed: corolla 

 2 lipped, the upper lip erect and somewhat concave, the lower .3-Iobed : 

 stamens 4 in pairs under the upper lip, the outer pair the shorter. 



N. Cataria, Linn. Common catmint ov catnip. Pig. 197. Erect, 2-3 ft., 

 pubescent: leaves cordate-ovate, crenate, grayish: corolla tinted: flowers 

 ill interrupted spikes. Introduced from Europe. 



N. Glechoma, Benth. Ground ivy. Gill-over-the-c/round. A weed from 

 Europe, but familiar almost everywhere: creeping, with rounded, crenately 

 margined, petioled leaves: flowers bluish purple, small. 



10. MARKtBIUM. Horehound. 



Erect perennials, with white-woolly aspect: calyx nearly equally 5-10- 

 toothed, the teeth very sharp: corolla 2-lipped, the upper lip erect and 

 r.fitched, the lower one spreading and 3-lobed: stamens 4, included in the 

 corolla-tube. There are a numlter of Old World species, but only the 

 following seems to have run wild in this country: 



M. vulg^re, Linn. Common horehound. Leaves broad-ovate and cre- 

 nate: flowers small, white, in dense whorls. Europe, but common. 



11. LEONtRUS. Motherwort. 



Erect perennials with green aspect: calyx about equally 5-toothed, the 

 teeth becoming spine-like: corolla 2-lipped, the upper lip somewhat arclud 

 and entire, the lower spreading and 3-lobed: stamens 4, ascending under the 

 upper lip: nutlets 3-angled. 



L. Cardiaca, Linn. Common motherwort. Tall: leaves rounded and 

 lobed: corolla purple, the upper lip bearded: (li)wers in axillary whorls. 

 Introduced from Europe. Coiumon. Other introduced species may now and 

 then be found. 



