394 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



having evergreen leaves, stamens usually 10, stamens and style usually not 

 exserted. 



A, viscdsa, Linn. Swamp hnneysnckle. Stems 4-10 ft., branching: 

 leaves obovate, short-petioled, mostly smooth above and downy on under 

 veins: flowers in summer after the leaves, fragrant, white. 1-2 in. long, 

 with slender tubes rather sticky-coated, the tube longer tlian the lobes. A 

 swamp plant. 



A. nudifldra, Linn. Plnrter floiver. Shrub .3-6 ft., in swamps: flowers 

 before or with leaves, rose-pink or white, fragrant, 1-2 in. across, the tube 

 about the length of the lobes. 



Bhodbra Canadensis, Linn., or Bhodod6ndron ' Rhoddra, Don, of New 

 England, is a low shrub, 2-.'? ft., with fine large (1 in. wide) rose-colored 

 flowers appearing before leaves. 

 7. MONOTROPA. Indian Pipe. Pine-sap. 



Low herbs, parasitic on roots or saprophytic, no green about them, but 

 stem bearing small scales: flowers solitary or in racemes: sepals 2, bract- 

 like : petals 4 or 5 erect or spreading, wedge-shaped: stamens 8-10, hypogynous, 

 anthers kidney-shaped: ovary 4-5-eelled, stigma radiate or disk-like. 



M. unifldra, Linn. Indian pipe. Corpse plant. Odd fleshy waxy- 

 white little plants, turning black when drying: stem, 3-6 in. high, bent 

 over at the top with one nodding terminal flower. 



M. Hypdpitys, Linn. Pine-sap. In oak and pine woods: stems scaly, 

 white or tawny red, 4-8 in. high, single or in groups: flowers several, small, 

 rather fragrant, in a scaly raceme. 



XLVII. RUBIACE.E. Madder Family. 



A large and important family of herbs, shrubs, trees (including 

 Cinchona or Peruvian Bark, and Coffee) : leaves opposite, or 

 in threes with stipules between, or apparently whorled without 

 stipules: flowers perfect, sometimes dimorphous (of two sorts) or 

 trimorphous: calyx-tube adherent to ovary, margin 3- to G-toothed: 

 corolla regular, inserted on calyx-tube, and of same number of lobes: 

 stamens of equal number as corolla- lobes and alternate with them: 

 ovary 1- to 10-celled: fruit a capsule, berry or drupe. A large family 

 (some 5,000 species), largely tropical. 



A. Leaves 4-8 in a whorl: no apparent stipules: fruit 2 



nutlets, bur-like, or sometimes berry-like 1. Galium 



aa. Leaves opposite (or whorled), with stipules. 



B. Flowers in pairs, axillary: fruit a double berry: 



creeping 2. Mitchella 



BB. Flowers solitary, or in terminal clusters: not creep- 

 ing 3. HnHston ia 



BBB. Flowers in round heads 4. VephaUtnlhia, 



