COMPOSITiE 407 



a. Akenes of ray florets winged. 



C. morildlium, Ram. (C. Sinense, Sabine). Greenhouse chrysanthemum. 

 Tall and mostly strict, with lobed, firm and long-petioled alternate leaves: 

 flowers exceedingly various. China. 



aa. Akenes not winged. 



C. Leucdnthemum, Linn. Whiteweed. Ox-eye daisy. Fig. 169. Peren- 

 nial, with many simple stems from each root, rising 1-2 ft., and bearing al- 

 ternate oblong sessile pinnatifid leaves : heads terminating the 

 stems, with long white rays and yellow disks. Fields everywhere 

 in the East, and spreading West. 



16. KUDBfiCKIA. Cone flower. 

 Perennial or biennial herbs, with alternate leaves and showy 



yellow-rayed terminal heads: ray florets neutral: scales of in- 

 volucre in about 2 rows, leafy and spreading : torus long or coni- 

 cal, with a bract behind each floret: akenes 3-angled, with no 

 prominent pappus. 



B. hirta, Linn. Brown-eyed Susan. Ox-eye daisy in the East. 

 Fig. 498. Biennial, 1-2 ft., coarse-hairy, leaves oblong or oblanceo- 

 late, nearly entire, 3-nerved : rays as long as the involucre or 

 longer, yellow, the disk brown: torus conical. Dry fields. 



B. lacini^ta, Linn. Two to 7 ft., perennial, smooth, branch- 

 ing: leaves pinnate, with 5-7-lobed leaflets, or the upper ones 3-5. 493 jjy^. 

 parted: rays 1-2 in. long: torus becoming columnar. Low places, beckiahirta. 



17. BfiLLIS. Garden Daisy. 



Low tufted herbs with many-flowered heads, solitary on scapes: leaves 

 spatulate, petioled: flowers both radiate and tubular, mostly double, with 

 margins of the rays various, quilled, and otherwise modified in the cul- 

 tivated forms: ray flowers white or pink, pistillate: disk flowers yellow, 

 perfect with tubular corolla, limb 4- to 5-toothed: akenes flattened, wingless, 

 nerved near margins. 



B. per^nnis, Linn. English daisy. European garden daisy. Fig. 185. 

 Flower-head on a scape 3 to 4 inches high, from radical leaves, % to 1 in. in 

 diameter with numerous linear rays, white, pink, bluish. Europe. Perennial. 

 Cultivated in gardens or on lawns. April to November. 



18. HELIANTHUS. Sunflower. 



Stout, often coarse perennials or annuals, with simple alternate or 

 opposite leaves and large yellow-rayed heads: ray florets neutral: scales of 

 involucre overlapping, more or less leafy: torus flat or convex, with a bract 

 embracing each floret: akene 4-angle(l: pappus of two scales (sometimes 2 

 other smaller ones), which fall as soon as the fruit is ripe. 



a. Disk broicn. 

 H. dnnuus, Linn. Common sunflower. Tall, rough, stout annual, with 

 mostly alternate stalked ovate-toothed large leaves: scales of involucre 



