LILY FAMILY 331 



E. americanum, Smith. Common dog's-tooth violet, or adder' s-tongue. 

 Fig. 490. Leaves thickish, oblong-lanceolate, mottled with purple: flower 

 light yellow, nodding on a stem 3-6 in. tall. Low grounds. 



E. albidum, Nutt. White adder' s-tongue. Leaves scarcely mottled: 

 flowers whitish. Low grounds. 



4. HYACINTHUS. Hyacinth. 



Low plants, with large bulbs, producing many flowers in spikes or dense 

 racemes on a short scape, the leaves arising directly from the bulb: flowers 

 bell-shaped or funnelform, the 6 lobes spreading or curling back. 



H. orientalis. Linn. Common hyacinth. Fig. 186. Early spring, the 

 flowers of many colors and sometimes double, the perianth-tube swollen, 

 the oblong-spatulate lobes as long as the tube. Greece to Asia Minor. 



Var. albulus, Baker. Roman hyacinth. Flowers fewer and usually 

 smaller, white or nearly so, the perianth-tube scarcely swollen and the lobes 

 shorter. France. Much cultivated. 



5. MUSCARI. Grape Hyacinth. 



Low herbs, with very narrow, somewhat fleshy leaves and small flowers 

 in a raceme: perianth deep blue or white, the tube ventricose or urn-shaped, 

 with 6 short blunt teeth. 



M. botryoides. Mill. Grape hyacinth. Flowers faintly odorous, nod- 

 ding, deep blue: scape 4-10 in.: leaves linear, obtuse, erect, becoming longer 

 than scapes. In grass about gardens and lawns in very early spring; also 

 escaped in some places to meadows and along roadsides. Asia. 



6. ORNITHOGALUM. Star of Bethlehem. 



Stemless low herbs, with narrow linear, fleshy, channelled leaves: 

 flowers in terminal clusters, usually with conspicuous bracts: perianth 

 of (i parts, white, spreading, veined: stamens 6, hypogynous: filaments 

 flattened, subulate: ovary sessile, 3-celled: capsule roundish, 3-angled: 

 seeds few, black. 



O. umbellatum. Linn. Scape 4-10 in.; flowers 5-8, on long spreading 

 pedicels: sepals white, each with green band outside. Common about 

 gardens. Introduced from Europe. Early spring. 



7. HEMEROCALLIS. Day-lily. 



Strong-growing plants from tuberous roots, producing clumps of long 

 swoid-shapcd leaves: flowers yellow or orange, erect, large and lily-like, in 

 clusters or panicles on a tall, branching scape, the divisions widely spread- 

 ing at the top. Old World, but common in gardens. 



H. ffilva, Linn. Orange day-lily. Flowers tawny orange, produced in 

 early summer, the inner perianth divisions nearly or quite obtuse. The 

 commonest species, and often escaped along roadsides. 



H. flava, Linn. Yellow day-lily. Plant somewhat smaller, early- 

 blooming: flowers fragrant, pure lemon-yellow, inner divisions acute. 



