362 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



diameter, with small, linear, yellow or purplish petals, becoming stamen-like 

 toward center: fruit ripens above water. The name Nymphzea is sometimes 

 applied to the genus Castalia. 



N. advena, Ait. Spatterdock. Leaves oval, thick, 6 in. to 1 ft. long, 

 floating or erect: flowers yellow, sepals 6 or more, not equal; petals thick, 

 truncate, resembling stamens. 



XVIII. PAPAVERACE.E. Poppy Family. 



Herbs with milky or colored juice (acrid and narcotic), alternate 

 or radical exstipulate leaves, the upper rarely opposite: flowers mostly 

 single, regular or irregular, perfect; sepals 2 (rarely 3 or 4), falling as 

 the flower opens; petals 4-6 (or more), imbricated, often crumpled in 

 the bud, and early falling; stamens usually many; ovary 1- to many- 

 ovuled, 1-celled: fruit a dry pod or capsule, 1-celled or, in Poppy, 

 imperfectly many-celled, generally dehiscing by a pore or by valves. 

 Small family of mostly small but usually showy herbs. 



a. Plants with white (milky) juice 1. Papaver 



aa. Plants with colorless juice (watery) 2. Eschscholtzia 



aaa. Plants with red or orange juice. 



b. Flower-bud erect: flowers white, in earliest spring. . . .3. Sanguinaria 

 bb. Flower-buds generally nodding; flowers yellow. 



c. Stigma 3-4-lobed, on a short style. Capsule ovoid. 4. Stylophorum 

 cc. Stigma 2-lobed, about sessile: capsule long 5. Chelidonium 



1. PAPAVER. Poppy. 



Herbs with white juice: stems smooth or hairy, erect, and the terminal 

 buds nodding, but erect in flower and fruit: sepals 2 (or 3) soon falling; petals 

 4-6; sessile stigmas united to form a rayed disk. 



P. somniferum, Linn. Opium poppy. Annual, erect to 13^-2 ft., 

 branching, glaucous, with large, white or purplish-centered flowers on long 

 peduncles: leaves sessile, clasping, variously incised: capsule smooth. 

 Cultivated for opium and for ornament. 



P. Rhceas, Linn. Corn poppy. Shirley poppy. Annual, bristly, hairy, 

 the leaves deeply lobed: flowers mostly red or scarlet with a dark center, 

 varying in cultivation: pod small. 



P. oriental e, Linn. Stem rough-hairy, 1-flowered: flowers very large, 

 brilliant, scarlet: leaves scabrous, deep green, about pinnate. A favorite 

 perennial in gardens. 



P. nudicaule, Linn. Iceland poppy. Rather delicate, hairy, with leaves 

 radical, pale green, and pinnately incised: flowers single, on slender, hairy 

 scapes, orange or white. Gardens. 



2. ESCHSCHOLTZIA. 



Annual or perennial herbs: leaves glaucous, finely pinnatifid: sepals 2, 

 cohering as a pointed cap, falling as flower opens; petals 4, yellow or orange 



