444 THE KINDS OF PLANTS 



32. ANAPHALIS. Everlasting. 



Cottony-white herbs, very similar to the preceding, but pappus not 

 thickened at summit, and usually a few perfect but sterile flowers in center 

 of the head: stem leafy. Perennial. 



A. margaritacea, Benth. & Hook. Pearly everlasting. One to 2 ft.: 

 heads in corymbs at summit, dioecious, but a few imperfect staminate 

 flowers in the center of the fertile heads: leaves sessile, taper-pointed, 

 broad-ovate to linear-lanceolate: involucre scale pearly white, rounded. 

 Common in dry soil. 



33. GNAPHALIUM. Everlasting. Cudweed. 



Cottony-white herbs, with small head of many whitish flowers, sur- 

 rounded by involucre of white or colored scales, in many series: flowers all 

 fertile, outer pistillate, central perfect: no chaff on receptacle; pappus a 

 row of slender bristles. Common in dry fields. 



G. polycephalum, Michx. Common everlasting. Annual, with leaves 

 lanceolate, margins wavy, upper surface not very cottony: scales of invo- 

 lucre white or yellowish white, a few perfect flowers in the center of each 

 head. 



G. decurrens, Ives. Biennial or annual, with many perfect flowers in 

 center of each head: stem erect, 1-2 ft.: leaves lance-linear, both sides 

 cottony, bases partially clasping and running down the stem. 



34. LlATRIS. Blazing Star. Button Snakeroot. 



Perennial herbs, with simple erect stems from tuberous or corm-like 

 roots: leaves entire, alternate, rather rigid, sometimes vertical on the stem, 

 and resinous-dotted: flowers few to many, in racemed or spicate heads; 

 flowers all alike, rose-purple, tubular; corolla 5-lobed, lobes long and 

 slender; pappus of many hair-like bristles, plumose or barbed: achene 

 slender, tapering to base: involucral bracts in several rows, unequal. 



L. scariosa, Willd. Stem stout, 2-5 ft. tall: leaves lanceolate, the lower 

 long-petioled, the upper more linear and rigid : heads few to many, 30-40- 

 flowered, about 1 in broad: scales of involucre numerous, with rounded 

 tips ; often colored and rather rough on the margins; flowers bright purple. 

 Dry soil. 



L. pycnostachya, Michx. Heads 3-15-flowered: flowers rosy-purple on a 

 spike 3-4 ft. high: flowers begin to open at top of the spike and continue 

 opening downward: scales with purplish tips. A western species, cultivated; 

 very showy. 



35. EUPATORIUM. Thoroughwort. 



Erect perennials, with simple leaves: heads small and rayless, clustered, 

 all the florets perfect; scales not leafy; torus flat or low-conical, naked: 

 achene 5-angled: pappus a single row of soft bristles. Low grounds. 



E. purpureum, Linn. Joe Pye weed. Tall, with purplish stem and lan- 

 ceolate-toothed leaves in whorls of 3-6: heads flesh-colored, in dense 

 corymbs. Swamps, growing 3-10 ft. 



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