SIMPLE POWDERED VEGETABLE DRUGS 123 



.... Brown. No greenish gloss Mylabris 



. . Narcotic odor. Dark brown. Very bitter. Opium and Lactucarium 

 . . Valerian odor 



. - . .Bitter Valerian 



. . Bitter astringent. . r Viburnum prun. 



.... Sweetish, bitter, pungent Cypripedium 



Peculiar odor 



. . Very pungent. Reddish to deep red Capsicum 



. .Very bitter 



.... Pale brown, greenish tinge Strophanthus 



.... Brown. Not greenish Stillingia 



. . Xot pungent or bitter 

 ... Fenugreek odor 



Reddish brown ... Iris versicolor 



Brown Fenugreek 



... Garlic odor when moistened Sinapis and Brassica 



.... Bitter almond odor 



Fibrous. Deep brown Prunus 



Not fibrous. Light brown Amygdala amara 



II. KEY BASED UPON MIRCOSCOPIC STRUCTURE 



MlCROANALYTICAL KEY 



The use of this key presupposes a knowledge of vegetable tissues, 

 tissue elements and formed cell contents, a knowledge which can be 

 attained only through painstaking work with the compound micro- 

 scope. The experienced micro-analyst does not require a key to the 

 identity of vegetable products, but he will nevertheless find such an 

 arrangement or tabulation convenient in his routine work. It is not 

 reasonable to suppose that any micro-analyst, no matter how extensive 

 his experience, can retain a complete memory picture of the different 

 histological elements of the numerous vegetable drugs and other 

 substances of vegetable origin. The key is an attempt at a logical 

 summarizing of the more important histological elements which 

 appear in the more important vegetable drugs. The histological 

 characteristics given apply to the pure simple vegetable powders, 

 hence caution must be observed where adulteration is suspected. 



MlCROANALYTICAL KEY 



LIGNIFIED ELEMENTS (VESSELS, TRACHEIDS, SCLERENCHYMA, ETC.) PRESENT 



. .Epidermal elements (trichomes, stomata, etc.) present 

 .... Pollen grains present 



Trichomes present 



Single-celled 



Tapering pointed toward two ends 



Fibrous tissue not excessive 



